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Diffusion of Water in Adhesives

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Design of Adhesive Joints Under Humid Conditions

Part of the book series: Advanced Structured Materials ((STRUCTMAT,volume 25))

Abstract

The diffusion of water into adhesives and adhesive joints is controlled by Fick’s laws, and it is solutions to Fick’s second law in Cartesian coordinates, which are most used in this context. Such solutions can describe diffusion in both 1 and 2 dimensions. Humidites in air are conveniently controlled using saturated solutions of salts. It is the interactions of water with epoxide adhesives which have been studied most, and diffusion is often fickian, but non-fickian diffusion is not uncommon. When salt is dissolved in water, in effect it dilutes the water, and the amount of water which is absorbed is reduced. Absorption isotherms for water in epoxides are non-linear. Water can change the properties of epoxides by lowering the glass-transition temperature, forming cracks, crazes and voids. Mechanical properties are also affected. Amongst non-structural adhesives, water diffusion has been reported for some silicones and isocyanates.

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Abbreviations

:

The following abbreviations are used to indicate the components of epoxide adhesives.

BF3MEA:

Borontrifluoride monoethylamine

CTBN:

Carboxy-terminated butadiene-nitrile polymer

DAB:

1,3-diaminobenzene

DAPEE:

Di(1-aminopropyl-3-ethoxy)ether

DGEBA:

Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A

DDM:

4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane

DICY:

Dicyandiamide

DMP:

Tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol

TETA:

Triethylenetetramine

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK

    John Comyn

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  1. John Comyn
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Correspondence to John Comyn .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal

    Lucas F. M. da Silva

  2. , Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho,Midori-ku 4259, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan

    Chiaki Sato

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Comyn, J. (2013). Diffusion of Water in Adhesives. In: da Silva, L., Sato, C. (eds) Design of Adhesive Joints Under Humid Conditions. Advanced Structured Materials, vol 25. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37614-6_1

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