Zusammenfassung
Mastzellen und Basophile sind wichtige Effektorzellen allergischer Reaktionen. Neuere Arbeiten zeigen, dass beiden Zellen auch schützende und gesundheitserhaltende Funktionen zukommen. Mastzellen und Basophile haben gemeinsam, dass sie durch IgE und Allergen über den hochaffinen IgE-Rezeptor aktiviert werden, degranulieren und dann Histamin und zahlreiche weitere Mediatoren freisetzen. Mastzellen sind insbesondere in den Oberflächenorganen des Körpers zu finden wie der Haut, dem Darm und den Atemwegen, nicht aber in der Blutbahn. Basophile hingegen sind blutständige Zellen, die bei Entzündungsreaktionen in die entzündeten Gewebe auswandern.
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Schmetzer, O., Siebenhaar, F., Metz, M., Maurer, M. (2016). Mastzellen und Basophile. In: Biedermann, T., Heppt, W., Renz, H., Röcken, M. (eds) Allergologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37203-2_6
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