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Volcanic Lake Sediments as Sensitive Archives of Climate and Environmental Change

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Book cover Volcanic Lakes

Part of the book series: Advances in Volcanology ((VOLCAN))

Abstract

In efforts to understand the natural variability of the Earth climate system and the potential for future climate and environmental (e.g., biodiversity) changes, palaeodata play a key role by extending the baseline of environmental and climatic observations. Lake sediments, and particularly sediment archives of volcanic lakes, help to decipher natural climate variability at seasonal to millennial scales, and help identifying causal mechanisms. Their importance includes their potential to provide precise and accurate inter-archive correlations (e.g., based on tephrochronology) and to record cyclicity and high frequency climate signals. We present a few examples of commonly used techniques and proxy-records to investigate past climatic variability and its influence to the history of the lakes and of their biota. This paper is rather a presentation of potentials and limits of palaeolimnological and limnogeological research on crater lakes, than a pervasive review of palaeolimnological studies on crater lakes. We show the importance of seismic stratigraphy for the selection of coring sites, and discuss problems in core chronology. Then we give examples of physical and chemical proxies, including magnetism, micro-facies and oxygen and carbon stable isotopes from crater lake deposits mainly located in central and southern Europe. Finally, we present the use of air-transported (pollens) and lacustrine biological remains. The continuing need to develop new approaches and methods stimulated us to mention, as an example, the potential of the studies of subsurface biosphere, and the effects of microbiological metabolism on mineral diagenesis in sediments.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to J.P. Smol and two anonymous reviewers for their comments that improved the quality of this manuscript, and to Dmitri Rouwet for inviting us to join this editorial project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CNR ISE Institute of Ecosystem Study, Largo Tonolli 50, 28922, Verbania Pallanza, Italy

    Aldo Marchetto, Andrea Lami & Piero Guilizzoni

  2. University of Geneva, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rue des Maraichers, 13, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland

    Daniel Ariztegui

  3. GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences, Section 5.2 Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, 14473, Potsdam, Germany

    Achim Brauer & Sabine Wulf

  4. Department of Biology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, viale Caduti in Guerra 127, 41121, Modena, Italy

    Anna Maria Mercuri

  5. Department of Environmental Biology, University “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy

    Laura Sadori

  6. CNR ISMAR, Institute of Marine Sciences, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy

    Luigi Vigliotti

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  1. Aldo Marchetto
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  2. Daniel Ariztegui
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  3. Achim Brauer
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  4. Andrea Lami
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  5. Anna Maria Mercuri
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  6. Laura Sadori
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  7. Luigi Vigliotti
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  8. Sabine Wulf
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  9. Piero Guilizzoni
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aldo Marchetto .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sezione di Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Bologna, Italy

    Dmitri Rouwet

  2. GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand

    Bruce Christenson

  3. Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Franco Tassi

  4. Institut des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Savoie, Le Bourget du Lac, France

    Jean Vandemeulebrouck

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Marchetto, A. et al. (2015). Volcanic Lake Sediments as Sensitive Archives of Climate and Environmental Change. In: Rouwet, D., Christenson, B., Tassi, F., Vandemeulebrouck, J. (eds) Volcanic Lakes. Advances in Volcanology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36833-2_17

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