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Innovation Policies in China, the USA, and the EU

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Innovative China

Part of the book series: Management for Professionals ((MANAGPROF))

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Abstract

Governmental policies in China, the USA, and the EU have different roles, scope, and impact. In the USA market-based innovation is by far more important than governmental innovation policy. In the EU, market-based innovation is also the main driver of renewal, but on a European level, innovation policies gain momentum. However, the role and scope of innovation policy differs between member states and interfere with Pan-European initiatives. For China central planning and policies are the core of economic growth and development. But the five-year central planning cycle changed into a five-year strategic growth agenda supported by numerous issue-based policies. China is developing according to a 4I-scheme consisting of imitation, improvement, innovation, and internationalization. The biggest challenge for China is the move from being a copycat country to an innovative country by 2020. Moreover, becoming independent of Western technology is one of the main goals. Triggered by world issues like sustainability, the West is searching for “Chinese” like grand innovation policy plans, whereas China is searching for individual firms innovation policies. For both sides, China and the West, the paths of policy making are new, and it depends on the speed of learning and its acceptance in society who will win the policy race. In this respect, the pivotal policies to become leading edge technology country are decided by nontechnical issues. The world game changing policies focus on nontechnical aspects. Therefore, the crossroad of innovation policies is also deciding about the outcome of the strategic innovation battle.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The full text of the white paper has been printed in China Daily, 23.12.05 under the title “China pursues peaceful development.” Some of the excerpts are cited here.

  2. 2.

    Fourth Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress, March 5, 2006.

  3. 3.

    A 3I scheme for technological innovation has been suggested by Chen and Xu (2000) (Innovation strategy for building indigenous technological innovation capability in China, Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE, 2000, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 229–232) and earlier work of Xu et al. (1997). However, emulation fits better to the relevant aspects to be tackled to institutionalize innovation within firms and nations (van Someren, 1991).

  4. 4.

    “Chinese official warns of monopoly by foreign companies,” http://www.hebiic.gov.cn, 07.03.06.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ynnovate, Hilversum, The Netherlands

    Taco C. R. van Someren & Shuhua van Someren-Wang

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  1. Taco C. R. van Someren
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  2. Shuhua van Someren-Wang
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van Someren, T.C.R., van Someren-Wang, S. (2013). Innovation Policies in China, the USA, and the EU. In: Innovative China. Management for Professionals. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36237-8_3

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