Skip to main content

Biodiversity Conservation, Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change: A Complex Interrelationship

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Knowledge Systems of Societies for Adaptation and Mitigation of Impacts of Climate Change

Part of the book series: Environmental Science and Engineering ((ENVSCIENCE))

Abstract

Biodiversity means a variety of life forms. Regions, home to many different species, are high in biodiversity. Ecosystems with high biodiversity are characterized by complex interactions between different species, which can help the ecosystem remain intact and healthy in the face of disturbance and environmental change. For this reason, looking at biodiversity is a good parameter for assessing the overall health of an ecosystem. Beside habitat loss and fragmentation, overexploitation, pollution, and the impact of invasive alien species, climate change is a serious environmental challenge that could undermine the drive for sustainable development. As a result, governments, communities, and civil society are increasingly concerned with anticipating the future effects of climate change while searching for strategies to mitigate, and adapt to, it’s ill effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Altieri MA (1998) The agroecological dimensions of biodiversity in traditional farming systems. In: Posey DA (ed) Cultural and spiritual values of biodiversity. UNEP, Nairobi, pp 291–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Altieri MA, Merrick LC, Anderson MK (1987) Peasant agriculture and the conservation of crop and wild plant resources. Conserv Biol 1:49–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes-McConnell P (1987) Keepers of the trust. Diversity 12:22–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Beckerman W (1992) Economic growth and the environment: whose growth? Whose environment? World Dev 20:481–496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bisht IS, Rao KS, Bhandari DC, Nautiyal S, Maikhuri RK, Dhillon BS (2006) A suitable site for in situ (on-farm) management of plant diversity in traditional agro-ecosystems of western Himalaya in Uttaranchal state: a case study. Genet Resour Crop Evol 53:1333–1350

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bisht IS, Mehta PS, Bhandari DC (2007) Traditional crop diversity and its conservation on-farm for sustainable agricultural production in Kumaon Himalaya of Uttaranchal state: a case study. Genet Resour Crop Evol 54:345–357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boyce JK (2004) A future for small farms? Biodiversity and sustainable agriculture. Working paper series No 86, PERI, University of Massachusetts, Amherst

    Google Scholar 

  • Brush SB (1977) Farming the edge of the Andes. Nat Hist 6(5):32–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Brush SB (1986) Genetic diversity and conservation in traditional farming systems. J Ethnobiol 6:151–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Brush SB (1999) Genes in the field: on-farm conservation of crop diversity. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Carr SJ (1989) Technology for small-scale farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa: experience with food production in five major ecological zones. World Bank technical papers no 109: pp 13, 106

    Google Scholar 

  • Ceccarelli S, Valkoun J, Erskine W, Weigand S, Miller R, van Leur JAG (1992) Plant genetic resources and plant improvement as tools to develop sustainable agriculture. Expl Agric 28:89–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper HD, Spillane C, Hodgkin T (2001) Broadening the genetic base of crops: an overview. In: Cooper HD, Spillane C, Hodgkin T (eds) Broadening the genetic base of crop production: 1–23. IPGRI/FAO, Rome

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Cromwell E (ed) (1990) Seed diffusion mechanisms in small farm communities. ODI Agricultural Administration Unit, Network paper No 21: pp 54

    Google Scholar 

  • Daily G, Dasgupta P, Bolin B, Crosson P, du Guerny J, Ehrlich P, Folke C, Jansson AM, Jansson BO, Kautsky N, Kinzig A, Levin S, Maler KG, Pinstrup-Andersen P, Siniscalo D, Walker B (1998) Global food supply: food production, population growth and the environment. Science 281:1291–1292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FAO (1998) The state of the world’s plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Feyissa R (2000) Community seed banks and seed exchange in Ethiopia: a farmer-led approach. In: Friis-Hansen E, Sthapit B (eds) Participatory approaches to the conservation of and use of plant genetic resources. IPGRI, Rome, pp 142–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Heywood VH (1999a) Trends in agricultural biodiversity. In: Jenick J (ed) Perspectives on new crops and new uses. ASHS Press, Alexandria

    Google Scholar 

  • Heywood VH (1999b) Use and potential of wild plants in farm households. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Bisht IS, Bhat KV (2010) Population structure of rice (Oryza sativa) landraces under farmer management. Ann Appl Biol 156:137–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lenné J, Wood D (1991) Plant diseases and the use of wild germplasm. Annu Rev Phytopathol 29:35–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacKinnon K, Sobrevila C, Hickey V (2008) Biodiversity, climate change and adaptation: nature based solution from the World Bank Portfolio. The International Bank for reconstruction and development/TheWorld Bank

    Google Scholar 

  • Maikhuri RK, Rao KS, Saxena KG (1996) Traditional crop diversity for sustainable development of Central Himalayan agroecosystems. Int J Sustain World Ecol 3:8–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maikhuri RK, Semwal RL, Rao KS, Saxena KG (1997) Eroding traditional crop diversity imperils the sustainability of agriculture systems in central Himalaya. Curr Sci 73:777–782

    Google Scholar 

  • Maikhuri RK, Rao KS, Semwal RL (2001) Changing scenario of Himalayan agroecosystems: loss of agrobiodiversity, an indicator of environmental change in Central Himalaya, India. Environmentalist 21:23–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manjunatha T, Bisht IS, Bhat KV, Singh BP (2007) Genetic diversity in barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp vulgare) landraces from Uttaranchal Himalaya of India. Genet Resour Crop Evol 54:55–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manjunatha T, Bisht IS, Bhat KV (2011) Genetic structure of hull-less barley (Hordeum vulgare L subsp vulgare) landrace populations from North-western Indian Himalayas. Indian J Biotechnol 10:25–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin GJ (1995) Ethnobotany. ‘People and plants’ conservation manual series. Chapman and Hall, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Maxted N, Hawkes JG, Ford-Lloyd BV, Williams JT (1997) A practical model for in situ genetic conservation. In: Maxted N, Ford-Lloyd BV, Hawkes JG (eds) Plant genetic conservation: the in situ approach. Chapman & Hall, London, pp 339–367

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Maxted N, Guarina L, Myer L, Chiwona EA (2002) Towards a methodology for on-farm conservation of plant genetic resources. Genet Resour Crop Evol 49:31–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNeely JA (1989) Conserving biological diversity—a decision-maker’s guide. IUCN Bulletin 20(4–6):7

    Google Scholar 

  • Palni LMS, Maikhuri RK, Rao KS (1998) Conservation of the Himalayan agroecosystems: issues and priorities. In: Eco-regional cooperation for biodiversity conservation in the Himalaya, UNDP, New York, pp 253–290

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandey A, Bisht IS, Bhat KV, Mehta PS (2011) Role of informal seed system in promoting landrace diversity and their on-farm conservation: a case study of rice in Indian Himalayas. Genet Resour Crop Evol 58:1213–1224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pino J, Strauss MS (1987) The preservation of germplasm. In: Davis TJ, Schirmer IA (eds) Sustainability issues in agricultural development. The World Bank, Washington, pp 252–266

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades R (1989) The Role of Farmers in the creation of agricultural technology. In: Chambers RA, Pacey A, Thrupp LA (eds) Farmer first, farmer innovation and agricultural research London: Intermediate Technology Publications: London, p 218

    Google Scholar 

  • Seboka B, van Hintum T (2006) The dynamics of on-farm management of sorghum in Ethiopia: implication for the conservation and improvement of plant genetic resources. Genet Resour Crop Evol 53:1385–1403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Senthilkumaran R, Bisht IS, Bhat KV, Rana JC (2008) Diversity in buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp) landrace populations from north-western Indian Himalayas. Genet Resour Crop Evol 55:287–302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh JS, Pandey U, Tiwari AK (1984) Man and forests: a Central Himalayan case study. Ambio 13:80–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Thrupp LA (1996) Agriculture, cooperative; agricultural innovations; agricultural productivity; sustainable development; case studies. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC,p 136

    Google Scholar 

  • Thrupp LA (2003) The central role of agricultural biodiversity: trends and challenges. In: Conservation and sustainable use of agricultural biodiversity. A sourcebook compiled by CIP-UPWARD in partnership with GTZ, IDRC, IPGRI, SEARICE

    Google Scholar 

  • Verma N, Rana MK, Negi KS, Kumar G, Bhat KV, Park YJ, Bisht IS (2010) Assessment of genetic diversity in Indian Perilla [Perilla frutescens (L) Britton] landraces using STMS markers. Indian J Biotechnol 9:43–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Visser B, Engels J (2000) Synthesis: the common goal of conservation of genetic resources. In: Almekinders C, de Boef W (eds) Encouraging diversity the conservation and development of plant genetic resources. Intermediate Technology Publication, London, pp 145–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Voss J (1991) Farmer management of varietal bean mixtures in Central Africa: implications for a technology development strategy. Rockefeller-CIP Workshop, Farmers and food systems, Lima, Peru (Sept 1988)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkes G (1995) The ethnobotany of artificial selection in seed plant domestication. In: Schultes RE, Von Resi S (eds) Ethnobotany: evolution of a discipline. Dioscorides Press, Portland, pp 203–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Win K, Win K (1990) Myanmar’s experience in rice improvement. 1830’1985 IRRI Research paper No 141: 10

    Google Scholar 

  • Wood D (1993) Agrobiodiversity in global conservation policy biopolicy International. African centre for technology studies, vol 11, pp 1–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Worede M, Mekbib H (1993) Linking genetic resources conservation to farmers in Ethiopia. In: de Boef W, Amanor K, Wellard K, Bebbington A (eds) Cultivating knowledge: genetic diversity, farmer experimentation and crop research. Intermediate Technology Publications, London, UK, pp 78–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Worede M, Tessema T, Feyissa R (1999) Keeping diversity alive: an Ethiopian perspective. In: Brush SB (ed) Genes in the field: on-farm conservation of crop diversity IPGRI and IDRC, Lewis publishers, CRC Press LLC, New York, pp 143–161

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to I. S. Bisht .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bisht, I.S. (2013). Biodiversity Conservation, Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change: A Complex Interrelationship. In: Nautiyal, S., Rao, K., Kaechele, H., Raju, K., Schaldach, R. (eds) Knowledge Systems of Societies for Adaptation and Mitigation of Impacts of Climate Change. Environmental Science and Engineering(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36143-2_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics