Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the lower urinary tract may cause a significant morbidity in infants and children. This chapter discusses and illustrates a wide spectrum of abnormalities of the bladder and urethra. These abnormalities include urachal anomalies, bladder exstrophy, bladder diverticula, cystitis, bladder neoplasms, neurogenic bladder, posterior urethral valves, urethral duplication, and prostatic utricle. Brief embryologic review is also included.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Agrons GA, Wagner BJ, Lonergan GJ, et al. From the archives of the AFIP. Genitourinary rhabdomyosarcoma in children: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 1997;17:919–37.
Allen CW, Alexander SI. Adenovirus associated haematuria. Arch Dis Child. 2005;90:305–6.
Bates DG. The bladder and urethra. In: Slovis TL, editor. Caffey’s pediatric diagnostic imaging. 11th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier; 2008.
Bauer SB. Neurogenic bladder: etiology and assessment. Pediatr Nephrol. 2008;23:541–51.
Berrocal T, López-Pereira P, Arjonilla A, et al. Anomalies of the distal ureter, bladder, and urethra in children: embryologic, radiologic, and pathologic features. Radiographics. 2002;22:1139–64.
Bloom DA, Slovis TL. The dilated urinary tract. In: Slovis TL, editor. Caffey’s pediatric diagnostic imaging. 11th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier; 2008.
Caro PA, Rosenberg HK, Snyder 3rd HM. Congenital urethral polyp. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1986;147:1041–2.
Casale AJ. Posterior urethral valves and other obstructions of the urethra. In: Gonzales ET, Bauer SB, editors. Pediatric urology practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999.
Cremin BJ. A review of the ultrasonic appearances of posterior urethral valve and ureteroceles. Pediatr Radiol. 1986;16:357–64.
Evangelidis A, Castle EP, Ostlie DJ, et al. Surgical management of primary bladder diverticula in children. Pediatr Surg. 2005;40:701–3.
Gallentine ML, Morey AF. Imaging of the male urethra for stricture disease. Urol Clin North Am. 2002;29:361–72.
Karnak I, Senocak ME, Büyükpamukçu N, et al. Rare congenital abnormalities of the anterior urethra. Pediatr Surg Int. 1997;12:407–9.
Lebowitz RL, Vargas B. Stones in the urinary bladder in children and young adults. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1987;148:491–5.
Lopatina OA, Berry TT, Spottswood SE. Giant prostatic utricle (utriculus masculinis): diagnostic imaging and surgical implications. Pediatr Radiol. 2004;34:156–9.
Macpherson RI, Leithiser RE, Gordon L, et al. Posterior urethral valves: an update and review. Radiographics. 1986;6:753–91.
McCarville MB, Hoffer FA, Gingrich JR, et al. Imaging findings of hemorrhagic cystitis in pediatric oncology patients. Pediatr Radiol. 2000;30:131–8.
Mourtzinos A, Borer JG. Current management of bladder exstrophy. Curr Urol Rep. 2004;5:137–41.
Nasrallah PF, McMahon DR. Anatomic abnormalities of the bladder. In: Gonzales ET, Bauer SB, editors. Pediatric urology practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999.
Richman TS, Taylor KJ. Sonographic demonstration of bladder duplication. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1982;139:604–5.
Salle JL, Sibai H, Rosenstein D, et al. Urethral duplication in the male: review of 16 cases. J Urol. 2000;163:1936–40.
Saraga-Babic M, Sapunar D (1994) Atlas of human embryology. Chronolab AG. http://www.embryo.chronolab.com/ureters.htm. Accessed 6 June 2013.
Siegel MJ. Urinary tract. In: Siegel MJ, editor. Pediatric sonography. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2002.
Volmar KE, Nguyen TC, Holcroft CJ, et al. Phimosis as a cause of the prune belly syndrome: comparison to a more common pattern of proximal penile urethra obstruction. Virchows Arch. 2003;442:169–72.
Wakhlu AK, Wakhlu A, Tandon RK, et al. Congenital megalourethra. J Pediatr Surg. 1996;31:441–3.
Yu JS, Kim KW, Lee HJ, et al. Urachal remnant diseases: spectrum of CT and US findings. Radiographics. 2001;21:451–61.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Shin, SM. (2014). Bladder and Urethra Disease. In: Kim, IO. (eds) Radiology Illustrated: Pediatric Radiology. Radiology Illustrated. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35573-8_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35573-8_26
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-35572-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-35573-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)