Abstract
The authors discuss the embryology of the external ear; applied anatomy of the external ear including the relevant chondrocutaneous portion, the auricle muscles, vessels, and nerves as well as the biomechanics of ear cartilage and its surgical implications; and the “normal” and the “deformed” ear, including the prominent or bat ear, the Stahl ear deformity, and lop and cup ear deformities. They describe nonsurgical correction and timing of surgery, goals of correction, acquired ear deformities, a combined technique in aesthetic otoplasty, early and late complications, the evolution of the combined technique, postauricular skin incision or excision, surgery of the antihelix, surgery of the concha (mid-third of the ear), the concept of helical tail setback, and management of earlobe protrusion (lower third of the ear).
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Acknowledgment
Thanks to Emiliano Visconti, MD, (www.emilianovisconti.it) resient in training, Department of Bioimages and Radiological Sciences, Catholic University of “Sacro Cuore,” University Hospital “A. Gemelli,” for his contribution to the digital artwork.
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Salgarello, M., Visconti, G. (2013). Combined Technique in Aesthetic Otoplasty. In: Shiffman, M. (eds) Advanced Cosmetic Otoplasty. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35431-1_21
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35431-1_21
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