Zusammenfassung
Durch die Einführung einer revidierten Traumadefinition des DSM-IV (APA 1994; ▶ Kap. 1) erweiterten sich Kategorien potenziell traumatischer Erlebnisse. Waren bis dahin v. a. äußere Gewalterlebnisse als Traumata definiert, wurde es nun ermöglicht, eine schwere körperliche Erkrankung als potenziell traumatisches Ereignis in Betracht zu ziehen. Die Traumadefinition nach DSM-IV beinhaltet 2 Kriterien (▶ Kap. 2):
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Das A1-Kriterium beschreibt die auslösenden Ereignisse. Im Kommentar zum A1-Kriterium werden ausdrücklich lebensbedrohliche Krankheiten oder die Information, „dass das eigene Kind an einer lebensbedrohlichen Krankheit leidet“ (APA 1994, S. 515) als Beispiele für traumatische Erfahrungen genannt.
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Im A2-Kriterium kommt das subjektive Erleben des Betroffenen hinzu: „Die Reaktion der Person auf das Ereignis muss intensive Angst, Hilflosigkeit oder Entsetzen umfassen“ (APA 1994, S. 515).
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Notes
- 1.
Diagnostik und Therapie erfolgten durch Frau Dr. rer. med. Dipl.-Psych. F. Einsle, Dresden.
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Köllner, V. (2013). Posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen bei körperlichen Erkrankungen und medizinischen Eingriffen. In: Maercker, A. (eds) Posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35068-9_23
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