Abstract
Compact hardware implementations are important for enabling security services on constrained devices like radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags or sensor nodes where chip area is highly limited. In this work we present compact hardware implementations of the block ciphers: mCrypton, NOEKEON, and SEA. Our implementations are significantly smaller in terms of chip area than the results available in related work. In case of NOEKEON, we even provide the first hardware-implementation results of this algorithm at all. Our implementations are designed as stand-alone hardware modules, contain an 8-bit interface for communication, and support encryption as well as decryption operation. We give results for different datapath widths and evaluate also the impact of using shift registers or latch-based memory instead of flip flops. The most-compact implementation of mCrypton requires 2 709 GEs when using a 130 nm CMOS process technology from Faraday. NOEKEON and SEA consume 2 880 and 2 562 GEs, respectively.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
AMS. Standard Cell Library 0.35μm CMOS (C35), http://asic.ams.com
ARM Ltd. AMBA Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture Specification, http://www.arm.com (1997)
Atmel Corporation. 8-bit AVR Microcontroller with 128K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash (August 2007), http://www.atmel.com
Daemen, J., Peeters, M., Assche, G.V., Rijmen, V.: Nessie proposal: NOEKEON (2000), http://gro.noekeon.org/Noekeon-spec.pdf
Faraday Technology Corporation. Faraday FSA0A_C 0.13 μm ASIC Standard Cell Library (2004), http://www.faraday-tech.com
Faraday Technology Corporation. Faraday FSA0A_C 0.18 μm ASIC Standard Cell Library (2004), http://www.faraday-tech.com
Feldhofer, M., Wolkerstorfer, J.: Hardware Implementation of Symmetric Algorithms for RFID Security. In: RFID Security: Techniques, Protocols and System-On-Chip Design, pp. 373–415. Springer (2008)
Feldhofer, M., Wolkerstorfer, J., Rijmen, V.: AES Implementation on a Grain of Sand. IEEE Proceedings on Information Security 152(1), 13–20 (2005)
Hämäläinen, P., Alho, T., Hännikäinen, M., Hämäläinen, T.D.: Design and Implementation of Low-Area and Low-Power AES Encryption Hardware Core. In: Conference on Digital System Design (DSD 2006), pp. 577–583. IEEE (September 2006)
Hong, D., Sung, J., Hong, S., Lim, J., Lee, S., Koo, B.-S., Lee, C., Chang, D., Lee, J., Jeong, K., Kim, H., Kim, J., Chee, S.: HIGHT: A New Block Cipher Suitable for Low-Resource Device. In: Goubin, L., Matsui, M. (eds.) CHES 2006. LNCS, vol. 4249, pp. 46–59. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Knudsen, L.R., Raddum, H.: On Noekeon NES/DOC/UIB/WP3/009/1 (2001), https://www.cosic.esat.kuleuven.be/nessie/reports/phase1/uibwp3-009.pdf
Kumar, K.J., Salivahanan, S., Reddy, K.C.K.: Implementation of Low Power Scalable Encryption Algorithm. International Journal of Computer Applications 11(1), 14–18 (2010)
Lim, C.H., Korkishko, T.: mCrypton – A Lightweight Block Cipher for Security of Low-Cost RFID Tags and Sensors. In: Song, J.-S., Kwon, T., Yung, M. (eds.) WISA 2005. LNCS, vol. 3786, pp. 243–258. Springer, Heidelberg (2006), doi:10.1007/11604938
Mace, F., Standaert, F.-X., Quisquater, J.-J.: ASIC Implementations of the Block Cipher SEA for Constrained Applications. In: Workshop on RFID Security (RFIDSec 2007), pp. 103–114 (2007)
Mala, H., Dakhilalian, M., Shakiba, M.: Cryptanalysis of mCrypton - A lightweight block cipher for security of RFID tags and sensors. International Journal of Communication Systems 25(4), 415–426 (2012)
Moradi, A., Poschmann, A., Ling, S., Paar, C., Wang, H.: Pushing the Limits: A Very Compact and a Threshold Implementation of AES. In: Paterson, K.G. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2011. LNCS, vol. 6632, pp. 69–88. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Standaert, F.-X., Piret, G., Gershenfeld, N., Quisquater, J.-J.: SEA: A Scalable Encryption Algorithm for Small Embedded Applications. In: Domingo-Ferrer, J., Posegga, J., Schreckling, D. (eds.) CARDIS 2006. LNCS, vol. 3928, pp. 222–236. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Texas Instruments. MSP430C11x1 - Mixed Signal Microcontroller (2008), http://focus.ti.com
Z’aba, M.R., Raddum, H., Henricksen, M., Dawson, E.: Bit-Pattern Based Integral Attack. In: Nyberg, K. (ed.) FSE 2008. LNCS, vol. 5086, pp. 363–381. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Plos, T., Dobraunig, C., Hofinger, M., Oprisnik, A., Wiesmeier, C., Wiesmeier, J. (2012). Compact Hardware Implementations of the Block Ciphers mCrypton, NOEKEON, and SEA. In: Galbraith, S., Nandi, M. (eds) Progress in Cryptology - INDOCRYPT 2012. INDOCRYPT 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7668. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34931-7_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34931-7_21
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-34930-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-34931-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)