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Entwicklung und Evolution

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Theorien in der Entwicklungspsychologie

Zusammenfassung

Die evolutionäre Psychologie betrachtet menschliches Verhalten als Produkt von evolvierten psychischen Mechanismen der Informationsverarbeitung (EPMs), die für ihre Entwicklung und Aktivierung sowohl interne Inputs als auch solche aus der Umwelt benötigen (Buss, 2008; Confer et al., 2010). Diese EPMs sind bereichs- und kontextspezifische Berechnungsverfahren (Algorithmen), die in unserer evolutionären Vergangenheit zur Lösung konkreter Probleme des Überlebens und der Fortpflanzung ebenso beigetragen haben wie unsere körperlichen Ausstattungen oder wie die Gestaltung der Ontogenese. Sie stehen uns als − zumindest partiell − erbliche evolutionäre Mitgift immer noch zur Verfügung. Die theoretische Fundierung dieses Ansatzes − wie auch die der verwandten Disziplinen Ethologie, Soziobiologie und Verhaltensökologie − ist die Darwin‘sche Theorie der natürlichen und sexuellen Selektion (Darwin, 1859, 1871) in ihrer derzeitigen Form (z. B. Freeman & Herron, 2007; Stearns & Hoekstra, 2005).

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Euler, H. (2014). Entwicklung und Evolution. In: Ahnert, L. (eds) Theorien in der Entwicklungspsychologie. Springer VS, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34805-1_3

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