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Working with a Real-Time C++ Program on a Board

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Abstract

This chapter presents a complete example of building, flashing and executing a microcontroller C++ program using the LED program. The LED program will be built with GCC cross tools in the MinGW/MSYS [5] environment. Our target microcontroller is an 8–bit ATMEL®; AVR®; microcontroller [2]. This popular microcontroller has state-of-the-art quality, widespread availability and a moderate price. In addition, there is a well-maintained GCC port for this microcontroller making it well-suited for our example. In the second half of this chapter, we will investigate efficiency aspects and compiler warnings and errors based on the example of the LED program.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    There are tools and methods available for building microcontroller C++ projects. In addition to traditional ∗ nix-style commands, other popular build facilities include GNUmake [3], the Python programming language [8] and SCons [10]. Furthermore, a variety of both cost-free as well as commercial GUIs are available for project management and build.

  2. 2.

    With GCC version 4.7 or later, the newer flag -std=c++11 can be used to select the C++11 language standard.

  3. 3.

    See [11], Chap. 1 in section “Exploring C Warning Messages” and also Appendix A for comprehensive information on GCC’s warning options.

References

  1. ARDUINO®;, ARDUINO ®; (2012), http://www.arduino.cc

  2. ATMEL®;, 8-bit ATMEL ®;  Microcontroller with 4/8/16/32K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash (ATmega48A, ATmega48PA, ATmega88A, ATmega88PA, ATmega168A, ATmega168PA, ATmega328, ATmega328P), Rev. 8271D–AVR–05/11 (ATMEL®;, 2011)

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  3. Free Software Foundation, GNUmake Version 3.81 (2006), http://www.gnu.org/software/make

  4. IEEE Computer Society, IEEE Std 1149.1—1990: IEEE Standard Test Access Port and Boundary-Scan Architecture (1990), available at http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/1149.1-1990.html

  5. MinGW, Minimalist GNU (2012), http://www.mingw.org

  6. S. Meyers, More Effective C++: 35 New Ways to Improve Your Programs and Designs (Addison Wesley, Reading, 1996)

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  7. S. Meyers, Effective C++: 55 Specific Ways to Improve Your Programs and Designs, 3rd edn. (Addison Wesley, Reading, 2005)

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  8. Python Software Foundation, Python Programming Language—Official Website (2012), http://www.python.org

  9. M. Schmidt, ARDUINO ®; : A Quick-Start Guide (Pragmatic Programmers, Raleigh, 2011)

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  10. SCons, SCons: A Software Construction Tool (2012), http://www.scons.org

  11. W. van Hagen, The Definitive Guide to GCC (Apress, Berkeley, 2006)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  12. Wikipedia, Executable and Linkable Format (2012), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Independent Researcher, Reutlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Christopher Kormanyos

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  1. Christopher Kormanyos
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Kormanyos, C. (2013). Working with a Real-Time C++ Program on a Board. In: Real-Time C++. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34688-0_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34688-0_2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-34687-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-34688-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

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