Skip to main content

Some Aspects of Knowledge Approximation and Similarity

  • Chapter
Intelligent Systems: Models and Applications

Abstract

In the representation and processing of knowledge, the need for knowledge approximation and similarity is frequent. Concepts needed to deal with these issues are emerging; however, the unified treatment is still missing. With this in mind, we discern two sorts of knowledge, continuous represented, which we usually meet in the sensory based knowledge systems, and the other of discrete information structures, involved in automatic reasoning and processing of symbolic sequences in various contexts. The issues related to knowledge similarity and approximation are discussed in some special cases (separately following our initial knowledge division), which are spanning more general field and is used for exposition of our ideas and solution proposals. We have presented the concepts of knowledge similarity and approximation, together with appropriate scaling - degrees of similarity/approximation, in metric spaces for continuous case and the solution for discrete information spaces- DIS spaces for the later case.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. del Millan, J.R., Mourino, J., Franze, M., et al.: A local neural classifier for the recognition of EEG patterns associated to mental tasks. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 13(3), 678–686 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., Babiloni, C., et al.: Classification of EEG mental patterns by using two scalp electrodes and Mahalanobis distance-based classifiers. Methods of Information in Medicine 41(4), 337–341 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Birbaumer, N., Kübler, A., Ghanayim, N., et al.: The thought translation device (TTD) for completely paralyzed patients. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering 8(2), 190–193 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Japundžić-Žigon, N., Milutinović, S., Jovanović, A.: Effects of Nonpeptide and Selective V1 and V2 Antagonists on Blood Pressure Short-Term variability in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 95, 47–55 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Spasić, S., Perović, A., Klonowski, W., Djordjević, Z., Duch, W., Jovanović, A.: Forensics of features in the spectra of biological signals. International Journal for Bio Electromagnetism 12(2), 62–75 (2010), http://www.ijbem.net

    Google Scholar 

  6. Blinowska, K.: Methods for localization of time-frequency specific activity and estimation of information transfer in brain. International Journal of Bioelectromagnetism 10(1), 2–16 (2008) http://www.ijbem.org

  7. Jovanović, A., Perović, A., Klonowski, W., Duch, W., Djordjević, Z., Spasić, S.: Detection of structural features in biological signals. Journal of Signal Processing Systems 60(1), 115–129 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zatorre, R.J., Halpern, A.R.: Mental concerts: musical imagery and auditory cortex. Neuron. 47(1), 9–12 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Grierson, M.: Composing with brainwaves: Minimal trial P300b recognition as an indication of subjective preference for the control of a musical instrument. In: Proceedings of the ICMC, Belfast (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Jovanovic, A.: Brain signals in computer interface. Intelektualnie Sistemi 3(1-2), 109–117 (1998) (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Klonowski, W., Duch, W., Perovic, A., Jovanovic, A.: Some computational aspects of the Brain Computer Interfaces based on Inner Music. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2009, Article ID 950403, 9 pages (2009), doi:10.1155/2009/950403

    Google Scholar 

  12. Babiloni, F., Cincotti, F., Marciani, M., et al.: The estimation of cortical activity for brain-computer interface: applications in a domotic context. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2007, Article ID 91651, 7 pages (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Babiloni, F., Cichocki, A., Gao, S.: Brain-computer interfaces: towards practical implementations and potential applications. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2007, Article ID 62637, 2 pages (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., Babiloni, C., et al.: The use of EEG modifications due to motor imagery for brain-computer interfaces. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 11(2), 131–133 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Astolfi, L., Cincotti, F., Babiloni, C., et al.: Estimation of the cortical connectivity by high-resolution EEG and structural equation modeling: simulations and application to finger tapping data. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 52(5), 757–768 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Liu, L., Arfanakis, K., Ioannides, A.: Visual field influences functional connectivity pattern in a face affect recognition task. International Journal of Bioelectromagnetism 9(4), 245–248 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hadžić, O., Pap, E.: Fixed Point Theory in Probabilistic Metric Spaces. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hajek, P.: Metamathematics of Fuzzy Logic. Kluwer Academic Publishers (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jovanović, A., Marić, M., Borovčanin, M., Perović, A.: Towards intelligent chromosome analysis. In:Proc. Conf. Bioinformatics Workshop, Soc. for Industrial and Applied Math, SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM 2004), Orlando, Florida (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Malkov, S., Vujosevic, M., Jovanovic, A.: One Method for chromosome analysis and comparison. In: Proc. of the Conference Mathematics and Others Sciences. Greek Mathematical Society, Crete

    Google Scholar 

  21. Obradović, D., Konjović, Z., Pap, E.: Extending PostGIS by imprecise point objects. In: 2010 IEEE 8th International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, Subotica, Serbia, September 10–11 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Obradović, D., Konjović, Z., Pap, E., Ralević, N.M.: The maximal distance between imprecise point objects. Fuzzy Sets and Systems 170(1), 76–94 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Perović, A., Stefanović, N., Jovanović, A.: Syntax Zooming. In: Proc. of 3rd Serbian Hungarian Joint Symposium on Intelligent Systems, SISY 2005, Subotica (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Stevanović, M., Dobriǐć, V., Kecarević, D., Perović, A., Savić-Pavićević, D., Keckarević-Marković, M., Jovanović, A., Romac, S.: Human Y-specific STR haplotypes in population of Serbia and Montenegro. Forensic Science International 171(2-3), 216–221 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Baader, F., Snyder, W.: Unification theory. In: Robinson, A., Voronkov, A. (eds.) Handbook of Automated Reasoning. Elsevier (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Wolfram, D.A.: The Clausal Theory of Types. Cambridge Tracts in Theoretical Computer Science. Cambridge University Press (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Shoenfield, J.R.: Mathematical logic. Addison Wesley (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Hinman, P.G.: Recursion-Theoretic Hierarchies. Springer (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Dowek, G.: Higher order unification and matching. In: Robinson, A., Voronkov, A. (eds.) Handbook of Automated Reasoning. Elsevier (2001)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aleksandar Jovanović .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Jovanović, A., Perović, A., Djordjević, Z. (2013). Some Aspects of Knowledge Approximation and Similarity. In: Pap, E. (eds) Intelligent Systems: Models and Applications. Topics in Intelligent Engineering and Informatics, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33959-2_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33959-2_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-33958-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-33959-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics