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Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Communities of Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms

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Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 34))

Abstract

Edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms (EEMMs) live in the soil in association with the roots of plants, other ectomycorrhizal fungi, and soil organisms, all of which compete for space and nutrients. Consequently, the success of introducing an edible ectomycorrhizal (EEM) fungus into soils with the intention of cultivation is entirely dependent on its ability to survive in this competitive environment. Studies on the composition and structure of ectomycorrhizal (EM) communities in both productive and nonproductive EEMM areas have contributed to a better understanding of the relationship that EEMMs establish with other EM fungi and the environment. These have included morphological studies, the use of molecular tools, and most recently metagenomic methodologies leading to new insights into soil EEMM ecology. In this chapter, we briefly describe the methods that have been used to study EM fungal communities and Web databases that can be used for the identification of ectomycorrhizas such as the recently released eMyCo. We also illustrate the studies that have been conducted on the EM communities in natural and cultivated ecosystems where the most important EEMMs are found.

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank Dr Ian Hall for the critical reading of the manuscript. The work on real-time PCR for detecting and quantifying T. magnatum soil mycelium was financially supported by the Tuscany, Emilia Romagna, Abruzzo and Molise regions (project MAGNATUM—Monitoraggio delle Attività di Gestione delle tartufaie Naturali di Tuber Magnatum). The project MAGNATUM was coordinated by ARSIA (Agenzia Regionale per lo Sviluppo e L’Innovazione nel settore Agricolo-forestale) of Tuscany region.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Università di Bologna, via Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy

    Alessandra Zambonelli, Mirco Iotti & Siham Boutahir

  2. Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante – sezione di Patologia Vegetale, Università di Sassari, via de Nicola 9, 07100, Sassari, Italy

    Enrico Lancellotti

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali “G. Sarfatti”, Università degli Studi di Siena, via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy

    Claudia Perini

  4. Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Università dell’Aquila, via Vetoio 1, loc. Coppito, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy

    Giovanni Pacioni

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  1. Alessandra Zambonelli
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  2. Mirco Iotti
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  3. Siham Boutahir
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  4. Enrico Lancellotti
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  5. Claudia Perini
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  6. Giovanni Pacioni
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Correspondence to Alessandra Zambonelli .

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  1. , Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Universitá di Bologna, Via Fanin 46, Bologna, 40127, Italy

    Alessandra Zambonelli

  2. , Biology Department, Duke University, 130 Science Drive, Durham NC, 27708-0338, USA

    Gregory M Bonito

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Zambonelli, A., Iotti, M., Boutahir, S., Lancellotti, E., Perini, C., Pacioni, G. (2012). Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Communities of Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms. In: Zambonelli, A., Bonito, G. (eds) Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms. Soil Biology, vol 34. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33823-6_7

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