Abstract
A high accuracy of full-vehicle thermal models are required to predict the vehicle heat-up behaviour at every conceivable combination of driving cycle and ambient air temperature down to −20 °C. Within this work a methodology for modelling the thermal behaviour of an IC-engine is presented. The focus lies on the heat-path beginning with the combustion process followed by heat conduction through the combustion chamber walls and convective heat transfer between engine structure and coolant. The thermal engine model is coupled with other models (HVAC-system, powertrain, etc.) by an independent co-simulation platform in order to describe the virtual vehicle as a whole. Finally, the model validation is performed with two different driving cycles at two different start temperatures. Using the described full-vehicle model the potential of a heat storage system is discussed for several heat-up strategies.
F2012-E12-029
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Abbreviations
- A W :
-
Combustion chamber surface area (m²)
- c m :
-
Mean piston speed (m/s)
- c p :
-
Specific heat capacity (J/(kgK))
- d :
-
Diameter (m)
- Eu :
-
Euler number (-)
- η:
-
Viscosity (kg/(ms))
- h c :
-
Heat transfer coefficient (coolant-side) (W/(m²K))
- h W :
-
Heat transfer coefficient (gas-side) (W/(m²K))
- L :
-
Length (fundamental unit) (m)
- λ:
-
Thermal conductivity (W/(mK))
- M :
-
Mass (fundamental unit) (kg)
- \( \dot{m} \) :
-
Mass flow rate (kg/s)
- p cyl :
-
Cylinder pressure (bar)
- Pe :
-
Péclet number (-)
- Pr :
-
Prandtl number (-)
- \( \dot{Q}_{W} \) :
-
Wall heat flow rate (W)
- \( \dot{Q}_{HSS} \) :
-
Additional heat flow rate(W)
- Re :
-
Reynolds number (-)
- ρ:
-
Density (kg/m³)
- St :
-
Stanton number (-)
- T cyl :
-
Mean gas temperature (K)
- T W :
-
Wall temperature (K)
- T :
-
Time (fundamental unit) (s)
- \( \Uptheta \) :
-
Temperature (fundamental unit) (K)
- u :
-
Flow velocity (m/s)
- V cyl :
-
Cylinder volume (m³)
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Ghebru, D. et al. (2013). Vehicle Warm-Up Analysis with Experimental and Co-Simulation Methods. In: Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 196. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33738-3_37
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33738-3_37
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