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Introduction

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From Atom Optics to Quantum Simulation

Part of the book series: Springer Theses ((Springer Theses))

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Abstract

The first creation of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in 1995 [1–5] was the starting point for the research field of ultracold atoms, which since then has made advances at a breathtaking pace. In the beginning, the experiments focussed on weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), in which up to several million atoms undergo a quantum phase transition. They occupy a single macroscopic wavefunction and form a quantum degenerate Bose gas. It was possible to confirm the predictions of Bogoliubov’s mean-field theory [6, 7], to demonstrate the coherence properties via matter wave interference [8] and to prove superfluidity via the creation of vortices [9–11]. The first quantum degenerate gas of fermionic atoms was created in 1999 [12–14]. Spin-polarized fermions do not undergo a quantum phase transition on the way to ultra low temperatures, but fermionic spin mixtures of two atomic hyperfine states soon turned out to be a meaningful analog to spin up and spin down electrons in condensed matter.

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  1. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Avenue 77, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Sebastian Will

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Will, S. (2013). Introduction. In: From Atom Optics to Quantum Simulation. Springer Theses. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33633-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33633-1_1

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