Abstract
The Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud is rapidly becoming the largest interconnected source of structured data on diverse domains.The potential of the LOD cloud is enormous, ranging from solving challenging AI issues such as open domain question answering to automated knowledge discovery. However, due to an inherent distributed nature of LOD and a growing number of ontologies and vocabularies used in LOD datasets, querying over multiple datasets and retrieving LOD data remains a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to querying linked data by using alignments for processing queries whose constituent data come from heterogeneous sources. We also report on our Alignment based Linked Open Data Querying System (ALOQUS) and present the architecture and associated methods. Using the state of the art alignment system BLOOMS, ALOQUS automatically maps concepts in users’ SPARQL queries, written in terms of a conceptual upper ontology or domain specific ontology, to different LOD concepts and datasets. It then creates a query plan, sends sub-queries to the different endpoints, crawls for co-referent URIs, merges the results and presents them to the user. We also compare the existing querying systems and demonstrate the added capabilities that the alignment based approach can provide for querying the Linked data.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alexander, K., Hausenblas, M.: Describing linked datasets – on the design and usage of voiD, the vocabulary of interlinked datasets. In: Linked Data on the Web Workshop (LDOW 0209), in conjunction with 18th International World Wide Web Conference (2009)
Bishop, B., Kiryakov, A., Ognyanov, D., Peikov, I., Tashev, Z., Velkov, R.: Factforge: A fast track to the web of data. Semantic Web 2(2), 157–166 (2011)
Bizer, C., Heath, T., Berners-Lee, T.: Linked data – the story so far. International Journal of Semantic Web and Information Systems 5(3), 1–22 (2009)
Damova, M., Kiryakov, A., Simov, K., Petrov, S.: Mapping the central LOD ontologies to PROTON upper-level ontology. In: The Fifth International Workshop on Ontology Matching (2010)
Damova, M., Petrov, S., Simov, K.: Mapping Data Driven and Upper Level Ontology. In: Dicheva, D., Dochev, D. (eds.) AIMSA 2010. LNCS, vol. 6304, pp. 269–270. Springer, Heidelberg (2010), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15431-7_31
David, J., Euzenat, J., Scharffe, F., dos Santos, C.T.: The Alignment API 4.0. Semantic Web 2(1), 3–10 (2011)
David, J., Guillet, F., Briand, H.: Matching directories and OWL ontologies with AROMA. In: Yu, P.S., Tsotras, V.J., Fox, E.A., Liu, B. (eds.) Proceedings of the 2006 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, Arlington, Virginia, USA, November 6-11, pp. 830–831. ACM (2006)
Duan, S., Fokoue, A., Srinivas, K., Byrne, B.: A Clustering-Based Approach to Ontology Alignment. In: Aroyo, L., Welty, C., Alani, H., Taylor, J., Bernstein, A., Kagal, L., Noy, N., Blomqvist, E. (eds.) ISWC 2011, Part I. LNCS, vol. 7031, pp. 146–161. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Euzenat, J., Meilicke, C., Stuckenschmidt, H., Shvaiko, P., dos Santos, C.T.: Ontology alignment evaluation initiative: Six years of experience. Journal on Data Semantics 15, 158–192 (2011)
Gangemi, A., Guarino, N., Masolo, C., Oltramari, A., Schneider, L.: Sweetening Ontologies with DOLCE. In: Gómez-Pérez, A., Benjamins, V.R. (eds.) EKAW 2002. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2473, pp. 166–181. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Giunchiglia, F., Autayeu, A., Pane, J.: S-Match: An open source framework for matching lightweight ontologies. Semantic Web (2011) (to appear), http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/
Glaser, H., Jaffri, A., Millard, I.: Managing co-reference on the semantic web. In: WWW 2009 Workshop: Linked Data on the Web (April 2009)
Hartig, O., Bizer, C., Freytag, J.-C.: Executing SPARQL Queries over the Web of Linked Data. In: Bernstein, A., Karger, D.R., Heath, T., Feigenbaum, L., Maynard, D., Motta, E., Thirunarayan, K. (eds.) ISWC 2009. LNCS, vol. 5823, pp. 293–309. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Hartig, O., Langegger, A.: A database perspective on consuming linked data on the web. Datenbank-Spektrum 10(2), 57–66 (2010)
Jain, P., Hitzler, P., Sheth, A.P., Verma, K., Yeh, P.Z.: Ontology Alignment for Linked Open Data. In: Patel-Schneider, P.F., Pan, Y., Hitzler, P., Mika, P., Zhang, L., Pan, J.Z., Horrocks, I., Glimm, B. (eds.) ISWC 2010, Part I. LNCS, vol. 6496, pp. 402–417. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Jain, P., Hitzler, P., Yeh, P.Z., Verma, K., Sheth, A.P.: Linked Data is Merely More Data. In: AAAI Spring Symposium ”Linked Data Meets Artificial Intelligence” (2010)
Jain, P., Yeh, P.Z., Verma, K., Vasquez, R.G., Damova, M., Hitzler, P., Sheth, A.P.: Contextual Ontology Alignment of LOD with an Upper Ontology: A Case Study with Proton. In: Antoniou, G., Grobelnik, M., Simperl, E., Parsia, B., Plexousakis, D., De Leenheer, P., Pan, J. (eds.) ESWC 2011, Part I. LNCS, vol. 6643, pp. 80–92. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Langegger, A., Wöß, W.: SemWIQ - Semantic Web Integrator and Query Engine. In: Hegering, H.G., Lehmann, A., Ohlbach, H.J., Scheideler, C. (eds.) INFORMATIK 2008, Beherrschbare Systeme – dank Informatik, Band 2, Beiträge der 38. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V (GI), München, September 8-13. LNI, vol. 134, pp. 718–722. GI (2008)
Li, J., Tang, J., Li, Y., Luo, Q.: RiMOM: A dynamic multistrategy ontology alignment framework. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 21(8), 1218–1232 (2009)
Lopez, V., Fernandez, M., Motta, E., Stieler, N.: PowerAqua: supporting users in querying and exploring the Semantic Web content. Semantic Web Journal (to appear, 2012), http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/
Mascardi, V., Cordi, V., Rosso, P.: A comparison of upper ontologies. Tech. rep., Dipartimento di Informatica e Scienze dell’Informazione (DISI), Università degli Studi di Genova (2006)
de Melo, G., Suchanek, F., Pease, A.: Integrating YAGO into the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology. In: 20th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI 2008), Dayton, Ohio, USA, November 3-5, vol. 1. IEEE Computer Society (2008)
Mena, E., Illarramendi, A., Kashyap, V., Sheth, A.P.: Observer: An approach for query processing in global information systems based on interoperation across pre-existing ontologies. Distributed and Parallel Databases 8(2), 223–271 (2000)
Niles, I., Pease, A.: Towards a Standard Upper Ontology. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems, vol. 2001, pp. 2–9. ACM, New York (2001)
Oberle, D., et al.: DOLCE ergo SUMO: On Foundational and Domain Models in the SmartWeb Integrated Ontology (SWIntO). Journal of Web Semantics 5(3), 156–174 (2007)
Prud’hommeaux, E., Seaborne, A.A. (eds.): SPARQL query language for RDF. W3C Recommendation (January 15, 2008), http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/
Quilitz, B., Leser, U.: Querying Distributed RDF Data Sources with SPARQL. In: Bechhofer, S., Hauswirth, M., Hoffmann, J., Koubarakis, M. (eds.) ESWC 2008. LNCS, vol. 5021, pp. 524–538. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Reed, S., Lenat, D.: Mapping Ontologies into Cyc. Tech. rep., Cycorp, Inc. (2002), http://www.cyc.com/doc/white_papers/
Schwarte, A., Haase, P., Hose, K., Schenkel, R., Schmidt, M.: FedX: A Federation Layer for Distributed Query Processing on Linked Open Data. In: Antoniou, G., Grobelnik, M., Simperl, E., Parsia, B., Plexousakis, D., De Leenheer, P., Pan, J. (eds.) ESWC 2011, Part II. LNCS, vol. 6644, pp. 481–486. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Song, D., Heflin, J.: Domain-independent entity coreference in RDF graphs. In: Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, CIKM 2010, pp. 1821–1824. ACM, New York (2010)
Terziev, I., Kiryakov, A., Manov, D.: Base Upper-level Ontology (BULO) guidance. Deliverable 1.8.1, SEKT project (July 2005)
Tummarello, G., Delbru, R.: Entity coreference resolution services in Sindice.com: Identification on the current web of data. In: Bouquet, P., Halpin, H., Stoermer, H., Tummarello, G. (eds.) Proceedings of the 1st IRSW 2008 International Workshop on Identity and Reference on the Semantic Web, Tenerife, Spain, June 2. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 422, CEUR-WS.org (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Joshi, A.K. et al. (2012). Alignment-Based Querying of Linked Open Data. In: Meersman, R., et al. On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2012. OTM 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7566. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33615-7_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33615-7_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-33614-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-33615-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)