Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Two-Stage Generative Learning Objects

  • Conference paper
Information and Software Technologies (ICIST 2012)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 319))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Generative Learning Objects (GLOs) introduced by Boyle et al. in 2004 extend the reuse dimension and create conditions for better quality in learning and teaching. We motivate the benefits of GLOs for e-learning and extend the scope of understanding GLOs by introducing the concept of the two-stage GLOs (TS GLOs). The aim of the paper is to show how this new kind of GLOs can contribute to the advanced e-learning through e-learning variability (social context, content variants, e-learning environment characteristics, etc.) modelling. GLOs and TS GLOs are seen as tools to further enhance reuse, to ensure a great deal of flexibility for teachers, and to manage complexity in the LO domain. Our case study has also showed the benefit for students in using the approach for self-learning by selecting different tasks or variants with respect to students flavour or abilities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Jacobsen, P.: Reusable learning objects: What does the future hold? e-Learning Magazine (2002), http://www.mcli.dist.maricopa.edu/ocotillo/retreat02/rlos.php

  2. Leeder, D., Boyle, T., Morales, R., Wharrad, H., Garrud, P.: To boldly GLO – towards the next generation of Learning Objects. In: Proceedings of World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2004, pp. 28–33. AACE, Chesapeake (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Morales, R., Leeder, D., Boyle, T.: A case in the design of generative learning objects (GLOs): applied statistical methods. In: Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications, pp. 2091–2097. AACE, Chesapeake (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Keengwe, J., Kidd, T.T.: Towards Best Practices in Online Learning and Teaching in Higher Education. MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching 6(2) (2010), http://jolt.merlot.org/vol6no2/keengwe_0610.html

  5. Anderson, T., Dron, J.: Three Generations of Distance Education Pedagogy. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning 12(3), http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/890/1663

  6. IEEE Learning Standards Committee, WG 12: Learning Object Metadata, http://ltsc.ieee.org/wg12

  7. LOM working draft v4.1, http://ltsc.ieee.org/doc/wg12/LOMv4.1.html

  8. Polsani, P.R.: Use and abuse of reusable learning objects. Journal of Digital Information 3 (2003), http://journals.tdl.org/jodi/article/view/89/88

  9. Silveira, I.F., Araújo, C.F., Amaral, L.H., Alcântara de Oliveira, I.C., Schimiguel, J., Ledôn, M.F.-P., Ferreira, M.A.G.V.: Granularity and Reusability of Learning Objects. In: Koohang, A., Harman, K. (eds.) Learning Objects and Instructional Design, pp. 139–170. Informing Science Press (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Pitkänen, S.H., Silander, P.: Criteria for Pedagogical Reusability of Learning Objects Enabling Adaptation and Individualized Learning Processes. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2004), pp. 246–250 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Štuikys, V., Damaševičius, R.: Development of Generative Learning Objects Using Feature Diagrams and Generative Techniques. Informatics in Education 7(2), 277–288 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Štuikys, V., Brauklytė, I.: Aggregating of Learning Object Units Derived from a Generative Learning Object. Informatics in Education 8(2), 295–314 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Wiley, D.A.: Connecting learning objects to instructional design theory: A definition, a metaphor, and a taxonomy. In: Wiley, D.A. (ed.) The Instructional Use of Learning Objects (2000), http://reusability.org/read/chapters/wiley.doc

  14. Merrill, M.D.: Knowledge Objects. CBT Solutions, 6–11 (March/April issue 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Redeker, G.: An educational taxonomy for learning objects. In: Third IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2003), pp. 250–251 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Parrish, P.: The trouble with learning objects. Educational Technology Research and Development 52(1), 49–67 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Karampiperis, P., Sampson, D.: Adaptive instructional planning using ontologies. In: Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT 2004, pp. 126–130 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Damaševičius, R., Štuikys, V.: Specification and Generation of Learning Object Sequences for e-Learning Using Sequence Feature Diagrams and Metaprogramming Techniques. In: Proceedings of the 9th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, Riga, Latvia, July 14-18, pp. 572–576 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Balatsoukas, P., Morris, A., O’Brien, A.: Learning Objects Update: Review and Critical Approach to Content Aggregation. Educational Technology & Society 11, 119–130 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Verbert, K., Duval, E.: Towards a global architecture for learning objects: a comparative analysis of learning object content models. In: Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications, pp. 202–208. AACE, Chesapeake (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Dreher, H., Krottmaier, H., Maurer, H.: What we Expect from Digital Libraries. Journal of Universal Computer Science 10, 1110–1122 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Nash, S.: Learning Objects, Learning Object Repositories, and Learning Theory: Preliminary Best Practices for Online Courses. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects 1, 217–228 (2005)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Liber, O.: Learning objects: conditions for viability. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 21, 366–373 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Boyle, T.: Generative learning objects (GLOs): design as the basis for reuse and repurposing. In: First International Conference on e-Learning and Distance Learning, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, March 16-18 (2009), http://ipac.kacst.edu.sa/eDoc/2009/173839_1.pdf

  25. Boyle, T.: Layered learning design: Towards an integration of learning design and learning object perspectives. Computers & Education 54, 661–668 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Ravenscroft, A., Boyle, T.: Deep Learning Design for Technology Enhanced Learning. In: Proceedings Ed-Media (2010), http://altc2010.alt.ac.uk/attachments/0001/1840/DLD-AR_TB_fsub1_d_.pdf

  27. Damaševičius, R., Štuikys, V.: Taxonomy of the fundamental concepts of metaprogramming. Information Technology and Control 37(2), 124–132 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Štuikys, V., Damaševičius, R.: Towards knowledge-based generative learning objects. Information Technology and Control 36(2), 202–212 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Han, P., Krämer, B.J.: Generating interactive learning objects from configurable samples. In: International Conference on Mobile, Hybrid, an On-Line Learning (ELML 2009), Cancun, pp. 1–6 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Oldfield, J.D.: An implementation of the generative learning object model in accounting. In: Proceedings of ASCILITE, Melbourne (2008), http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/melbourne08/procs/oldfield.pdf

  31. Boyle, T.: The design and development of second generation learning objects. Invited talk given at Ed Media 2006, World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications, Orlando, Florida (2006), http://www.rlo-cetl.ac.uk/press/news_events/docs/second%20generation%20learning%20objects.doc

  32. Veldhuizen, T.L.: Tradeoffs in Metaprogramming. In: Proc. of ACM SIGPLAN Workshop on Partial Evaluation and Semantics-Based Program Manipulation, Charleston, SC, USA, pp. 150–159 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Ortiz, A.: An introduction to metaprogramming. Linux Journal (158), 6 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Štuikys, V., Damaševičius, R., Ziberkas, G.: Open PROMOL: An Experimental Language for Domain Program Modification. In: Mignotte, A., Vilar, E., Horobin, L. (eds.) System on Chip Design Languages, pp. 235–246. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Carnegie, M.: RobotC – Improved movement, pp. 1–19 (2007), http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~ajd/Robotics/RoboticsResources/ROBOTC%20%20Improved%20Movement.pdf

  36. Urquiza-Fuentes, J., Velázquez-Iturbide, J.Á.: Pedagogical Effectiveness of Engagement Levels – A Survey of Successful Experiences. Journal Electronic Notes Theoretical Computer Science 224, 169–178 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Biggerstaff, T.J.: The library scaling problem and the limits of concrete component reuse. In: Proceedings of Third International Conference on Software Reuse: Advances in Software Reusability, pp. 102–109. Microsoft Corp., Redmond (1994)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Program Software Department, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų 50, 51368, Kaunas, Lithuania

    Vytautas Štuikys & Renata Burbaite

Authors
  1. Vytautas Štuikys
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Renata Burbaite
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu g. 50-313a, LT-51368, Kaunas, Lithuania

    Tomas Skersys  & Rimantas Butleris  & 

  2. Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu g. 50-309a, LT-51368, Kaunas, Lithuania

    Rita Butkiene

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Štuikys, V., Burbaite, R. (2012). Two-Stage Generative Learning Objects. In: Skersys, T., Butleris, R., Butkiene, R. (eds) Information and Software Technologies. ICIST 2012. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 319. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33308-8_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33308-8_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-33307-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-33308-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation