Abstract
Smart city means an intelligent city called post-ubiquitous city. However, to be a smart city, there are some issues to consider carefully. The first is the security issues having platform and intelligent surveillance function and analysis function as well as inference. The second is the governance issues between government and cities which are developing. And the third is the service issues to be realized in the cities. In this paper, we are mainly concentrated on the first security issue. Here we propose a speech recognition technology in emenrgency situation for secure cities. For the emergency detection in general CCTVs(closed circuit television) environment of our daily life, the monitoring by only images through CCTVs information occurs some problems especially in emergency state. Therefore for detecting emergency state dynamically through CCTVs as well as resolving some problems, we propose a detection and recognition method for emergency and non-emergency speech by Gaussian Mixture Models(GMM). The proposed method determines whether input speech is emergency or non-emergency speech by global GMM firstly. If this is an emergency speech, then local GMM is performed secondly to classify the type of emergency speech. The proposed method is tested and verified by emergency and non-emergency speeches in various environmental conditions. Also, we discuss about the platform issues having analysis and inference function of big data in smart city.
Chapter PDF
References
Cho, Y.I.: U-Society and U-Convergence Paradigm. In: 2008 Asia Pacific Woman Leaders Forum for Science & Technology, September 3, pp. 183–204 (2008)
Roman, M., et al.: A Middleware Infrastructure for Active Spaces. IEEE Pervasive Computing (2002)
Cho, Y.I.: Practical Approaches for Ubiquitous Convergence System. In: Joint 4th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and 9th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems, September 17-21 (2008)
Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C., Nijkamp, P.: Smart cities in Europe, Serie Research Memoranda 0048 (VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics) (2009), http://ideas.repec.org/p/dgr/vuarem/2009-48.html
Giffinger, R., Fertner, C., Kramar, H., Kalasek, R., Pichler-Milanovic, N., Meijers, E.: Smart cities – Ranking of European medium-sized cities. Centre of Regional Science, Vienna (2009), http://www.smart-cities.eu/ , http://www.smart-cities.eu/download/smart_cities_final_report.pdf (retrieved November 11, 2009)
Boll, S.F.: Suppression of acoustic noise in speech using spectral subtraction. IEEE Trans. ASSP 37(2), 113–120 (1979)
Doclo, S., Dong, R., Klasen, T.J., Wouters, J., Haykin, S., Moonen, M.: Extension of the multi-channel Wiener filter with ICTD cues for noise reduction in binaural hearing aids. Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics 16(16), 70–73 (2005)
Erkelens, J.S., Heusdens, R.: Tracking of nonstationary noise based on data-driven recursive noise power estimation. IEEE Trans. Audio, Speech and Language Processing 16(6), 1112–1123 (2008)
Alpayd, E.: Soft vector quantization and the EM algorithm. Neural Networks 11(3), 467–477 (1998)
Dhanalakshmi, P., Palanivel, S., Ramalingam, V.: Classification of audio signals using AANN and GMM. Applied Soft Computing 11(1), 716–723 (2011)
Soo, Y.J.: U-City platform. In: International Conference on U-City, August 27-28 (2009)
White, T.: Hadoop: The Definitive Guide, 1st edn. O’Reilly Media (2009)
Spink, A., Jansen, B.J., Blakely, C., Koshman, S.: A study of results overlap and uniqueness among major Web search engines. Information Processing and Management 42, 1379–1391 (2006)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cho, Y.I. (2012). Designing Smart Cities: Security Issues. In: Cortesi, A., Chaki, N., Saeed, K., Wierzchoń, S. (eds) Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management. CISIM 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7564. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33260-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33260-9_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-33259-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-33260-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)