Abstract
We review the optical far-field response of artificially structured media—metamaterials—and the impact of deterministic amorphization thereon. The interest on such deterministic amorphous metamaterials recently emerged because they may bridge a conceptional gap between bottom-up and top-down fabricated metamaterials. Artificial amorphization can be implemented by means of mathematical algorithms governed by randomization or disorder parameters that assign an individual position to each single building-block, i.e. each meta-atom, of a large assembly. These meta-atoms sustain characteristic and shape-dependent optical resonances which, as consistently confirmed in experiments, show different sensitivities to deterministic amorphization. In consequence, the widely alleged necessity of a periodic lattice can be relaxed in many cases. This newly emerging direction of nanophotonic research offers novel interdisciplinary approaches to tailor the electromagnetic properties of artificial composites with elevated structural complexities.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
D. Smith, J. Pendry, M. Wiltshire, Science 305, 788 (2004)
V. Shalaev, Nat. Photonics 1, 41 (2007)
C. Caloz, Mater. Today 12, 12 (2009)
C. Soukoulis, M. Wegener, Nat. Photonics 5, 523 (2011)
C. Rockstuhl, C. Menzel, S. Mühlig, J. Petschulat, C. Helgert, C. Etrich, A. Chipouline, T. Pertsch, F. Lederer, Phys. Rev. B 83, 245119 (2011)
A. Boltasseva, V. Shalaev, Metamaterials 2, 1 (2008)
H. Moser, C. Rockstuhl, Laser Photonics Rev. 6, 219 (2012)
C. Helgert, K. Dietrich, D. Lehr, T. Käsebier, T. Pertsch, E.B. Kley, Microelectron. Eng. 97, 181 (2012)
C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, C. Etrich, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, H. Giessen, Opt. Express 14, 8827 (2006)
S. Zhang, Nat. Biotechnol. 21, 1171 (2003)
S. Glotzer, M. Solomon, Nat. Mater. 6, 557 (2007)
T. Sau, A. Rogach, Adv. Mater. 22, 1781 (2010)
J. Aizenberg, P. Braun, P. Wiltzius, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2997 (2000)
I. Hamley, Nanotechnology 14, R39 (2003)
J. Cheng, A. Mayes, C. Ross, Nat. Mater. 3, 823 (2004)
M. Stoykovich, M. Müller, S. Kim, H. Solak, E. Edwards, J. de Pablo, P. Nealey, Science 308, 1442 (2005)
M. Li, R. Bhiladvala, T. Morrow, J. Sioss, K. Lew, J. Redwing, C. Keating, T. Mayer, Nat. Nanotechnol. 3, 88 (2008)
T. Ming, X. Kou, H. Chen, T. Wang, H. Tam, K. Cheah, J. Chen, J. Wang, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 47, 9685 (2008)
M. Rycenga, J. McLellan, Y. Xia, Adv. Mater. 20, 2416 (2008)
N. Shalkevich, A. Shalkevich, L. Si-Ahmed, T. Bürgi, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 11, 10175 (2009)
J. Lee, Q. Wu, W. Park, Opt. Lett. 34, 443 (2009)
S. Park, D. Lee, J. Xu, B. Kim, S. Hong, U. Jeong, T. Xu, T. Russell, Science 323, 1030 (2009)
M. Byun, N. Bowden, Z. Lin, Nano Lett. 10, 3111 (2010)
A. Hung, C. Micheel, L. Bozano, L. Osterbur, G. Wallraff, J. Cha, Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 121 (2010)
J. Fan, K. Bao, C. Wu, J. Bao, R. Bardhan, N. Halas, V. Manoharan, G. Shvets, P. Nordlander, F. Capasso, Nano Lett. 10, 4680 (2010)
J. Fan, C. Wu, K. Bao, J. Bao, R. Bardhan, N. Halas, V. Manoharan, P. Nordlander, G. Shvets, F. Capasso, Science 328, 1135 (2010)
M. Personick, M. Langille, J. Zhang, C. Mirkin, Nano Lett. 11, 3394 (2011)
S. Tan, M. Campolongo, D. Luo, W. Cheng, Nat. Nanotechnol. 6, 268 (2011)
T. Lerond, J. Proust, H. Yockell-Lelièvre, D. Gérard, J. Plain, Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 123110 (2011)
Q. Wu, W. Park, Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 153114 (2008)
D. Pawlak, K. Kolodziejak, K. Rozniatowski, R. Diduszko, M. Kaczkan, M. Malinowski, M. Piersa, J. Kisielewski, T. Lukasiewicz, Cryst. Growth Des. 8, 1243 (2008)
O. Muskens, S. Diedenhofen, M. van Weert, M. Borgström, E. Bakkers, J. Rivas, Adv. Funct. Mater. 18, 1039 (2008)
D. Aydin, M. Schwieder, I. Louban, S. Knoppe, J. Ulmer, T. Haas, H. Walczak, J. Spatz, Small 5, 1014 (2009)
J. Cho, D. Gracias, Nano Lett. 9, 4049 (2009)
K. Stebe, E. Lewandowski, M. Ghosh, Science 325, 159 (2009)
D. Pawlak, S. Turczynski, M. Gajc, K. Kolodziejak, R. Diduszko, K. Rozniatowski, J. Smalc, I. Vendik, Adv. Funct. Mater. 20, 1116 (2010)
B. Casse, W. Lu, Y. Huang, E. Gultepe, L. Menon, S. Sridhar, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 023114 (2010)
V. Tamma, J. Lee, Q. Wu, W. Park, Appl. Opt. 49, A11 (2010)
C. Bohley, M. Yau, C. Erk, Y. Wang, R. Wehrspohn, S. Schlecht, M. Steinhart, Phys. Status Solidi (b) 10, 2470 (2010)
J.J. Park, X. Bulliard, J. Lee, J. Hur, K. Im, J.M. Kim, P. Prabhakaran, N. Cho, K.S. Lee, S.Y. Min, T.W. Lee, S. Yong, D.Y. Yang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 20, 2296 (2010)
S. Mühlig, A. Cunningham, S. Scheeler, C. Pacholski, C. Pacholski, T. Bürgi, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, ACS Nano 5, 6586 (2011)
A. Cunningham, S. Mühlig, C. Rockstuhl, T. Bürgi, Phys. Chem. C 115, 8955 (2011)
L. Cheng, J. Song, J. Yin, H. Duan, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2, 2258 (2011)
R. Glass, M. Möller, J. Spatz, Nanotechnology 14, 1153 (2003)
H. Fredriksson, Y. Alaverdyan, A. Dmitriev, C. Langhammer, D. Sutherland, M. Zäch, B. Kasemo, Adv. Mater. 19, 4297 (2007)
A. Dmitriev, T. Pakizeh, M. Käll, D. Sutherland, Small 3, 294 (2007)
W. Lee, S. Lee, R. Briber, O. Rabin, Adv. Funct. Mater. 21, 3424 (2011)
K. Lodewijks, N. Verellen, W. Van Roy, V. Moshchalkov, G. Borghs, P. Van Dorpe, Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 091101 (2011)
P. Sheng, Introduction to Wave Scattering, Localization and Mesoscopic Phenomena, vol. 88 (Springer, Berlin, 2006)
M. Albada, A. Lagendijk, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 2692 (1985)
T. Pertsch, U. Peschel, J. Kobelke, K. Schuster, H. Bartelt, S. Nolte, A. Tünnermann, F. Lederer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 53901 (2004)
M. Rechtsman, A. Szameit, F. Dreisow, M. Heinrich, R. Keil, S. Nolte, M. Segev, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 193904 (2011)
L. Menon, W. Lu, A. Friedman, S. Bennett, D. Heiman, S. Sridhar, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 123117 (2008)
A. Gopinath, S. Boriskina, N. Feng, B. Reinhard, L. Dal Negro, Nano Lett. 8, 2423 (2008)
C. Forestiere, G. Miano, S. Boriskina, L. Dal Negro, Opt. Express 17, 9648 (2009)
L. Dal Negro, S. Boriskina, Laser Photonics Rev. 6(2), 178 (2011)
C. Helgert, C. Rockstuhl, C. Etrich, C. Menzel, E.B. Kley, A. Tünnermann, F. Lederer, T. Pertsch, Phys. Rev. B 79, 233107 (2009)
N. Papasimakis, V. Fedotov, Y. Fu, D. Tsai, N. Zheludev, Phys. Rev. B 80, 041102(R) (2009)
R. Singh, X. Lu, Z. Tian, W. Zhang, J. Opt. 12, 015101 (2010)
G. Guida, B. Gallas, R. Abdeddaim, A. Priou, J. Rivory, K. Robbie, Appl. Phys. A 103, 783 (2011)
R. Esteban, R. Vogelgesang, J. Dorfmüller, A. Dmitriev, C. Rockstuhl, C. Etrich, K. Kern, Nano Lett. 8, 3155 (2008)
C. Rockstuhl, C. Etrich, C. Helgert, C. Menzel, T. Paul, S. Fahr, T. Pertsch, J. Dorfmüller, R. Esteban, W. Khunsin, R. Vogelgesang, K. Kern, A. Dmitriev, K. Bittkau, T. Beckers, R. Carius, F. Lederer, Proc. SPIE 7604, 76040D (2010)
C. Helgert, C. Rockstuhl, C. Etrich, E.B. Kley, A. Tünnermann, F. Lederer, T. Pertsch, Appl. Phys. A 103, 591 (2011)
W. Khunsin, B. Brian, J. Dorfmüller, M. Esslinger, R. Vogelgesang, C. Etrich, C. Rockstuhl, A. Dmitriev, K. Kern, Nano Lett. 11, 2765 (2011)
D. Nau, A. Schönhardt, C. Bauer, A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, M. Klein, H. Giessen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 133902 (2007)
J. Khurgin, G. Sun, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 221111 (2009)
S. Takeda, S. Hamada, R. Peretti, P. Viktorovitch, M. Obara, Appl. Phys. B 106, 95 (2011)
C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, T. Zentgraf, H. Giessen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 151109 (2007)
A. Yanik, X. Wang, S. Erramilli, M. Hong, H. Altug, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 081104 (2008)
S. Orbons, M. Haftel, C. Schlockermann, D. Freeman, M. Milicevic, T. Davis, B. Luther-Davies, D. Jamieson, A. Roberts, Opt. Lett. 33, 821 (2008)
R. Adato, A. Yanik, C. Wu, G. Shvets, H. Altug, Opt. Express 18, 4526 (2010)
K. Aydin, K. Guven, N. Katsarakis, C. Soukoulis, E. Ozbay, Opt. Express 12, 5896 (2004)
B. Auguié, W. Barnes, Opt. Lett. 34, 401 (2009)
E. Kley, Microelectron. Eng. 34, 261 (1997)
J. Van Leeuwen, J. Groeneveld, J. De Boer, Physica 25, 792 (1959)
S. Allen, E. Thomas, R. Jones, The Structure of Materials (Wiley, New York, 1999)
R. Rengarajan, D. Mittleman, C. Rich, V. Colvin, Phys. Rev. E 71, 016615 (2005)
A. Clarke, J. Wiley, Phys. Rev. B 35, 7350 (1987)
A. Henry, J. Bingham, E. Ringe, L. Marks, G. Schatz, R. Van Duyne, J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 9291 (2011)
J. Petschulat, C. Menzel, A. Chipouline, C. Rockstuhl, A. Tünnermann, F. Lederer, T. Pertsch, Phys. Rev. A 78, 043811 (2008)
D. Cho, F. Wang, X. Zhang, R. Shen, Phys. Rev. B 78, 121101(R) (2008)
T. Davis, D. Gomez, K. Vernon, Nano Lett. 10, 2618 (2010)
J. Petschulat, J. Yang, C. Menzel, C. Rockstuhl, A. Chipouline, P. Lalanne, A. Tünnermann, F. Lederer, T. Pertsch, Opt. Express 18, 14454 (2010)
E. Pshenay-Severin, A. Chipouline, J. Petschulat, U. Hübner, A. Tünnerman, T. Pertsch, Opt. Express 19, 6269 (2011)
J. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics (Wiley, New York, 1999)
J. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, W. Stewart, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 47, 2075 (1999)
D. Smith, W. Padilla, D. Vier, S. Nemat-Nasser, S. Schultz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4184 (2000)
S. Linden, C. Enkrich, M. Wegener, J. Zhou, T. Koschny, C. Soukoulis, Science 306, 1351 (2004)
C. Enkrich, M. Wegener, S. Linden, S. Burger, L. Zschiedrich, F. Schmidt, J. Zhou, T. Koschny, C. Soukoulis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 203901 (2005)
V. Podolskiy, A. Sarychev, V. Shalaev, J. Nonlinear Opt. Phys. Mater. 11, 65 (2002)
V. Shalaev, W. Cai, U. Chettiar, H. Yuan, A. Sarychev, V. Drachev, A. Kildishev, Opt. Lett. 30, 3356 (2005)
G. Dolling, C. Enkrich, M. Wegener, J. Zhou, C. Soukoulis, S. Linden, Opt. Lett. 30, 3198 (2005)
C. Helgert, C. Menzel, C. Rockstuhl, E. Pshenay-Severin, E.B. Kley, A. Chipouline, A. Tünnermann, F. Lederer, T. Pertsch, Opt. Lett. 34, 704 (2009)
E. Prodan, C. Radloff, N. Halas, P. Nordlander, Science 302, 419 (2003)
M. Albooyeh, D. Morits, S. Tretyakov, Phys. Rev. B 85, 205110 (2012)
S. Tretyakov, Analytical Modeling in Applied Electromagnetics (Artech House, Norwood, 2003)
C. Haynes, A. McFarland, L. Zhao, R. Van Duyne, G. Schatz, L. Gunnarsson, J. Prikulis, B. Kasemo, M. Käll, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 7337 (2003)
A. Taflove, S. Hagness, Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method, 3rd edn. (Artech House, Norwood, 2005)
D. Smith, S. Schultz, P. Markoš, C. Soukoulis, Phys. Rev. B 65, 195104 (2002)
C. Menzel, C. Rockstuhl, T. Paul, F. Lederer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 233106 (2008)
C. Menzel, T. Paul, C. Rockstuhl, T. Pertsch, S. Tretyakov, F. Lederer, Phys. Rev. B 81(3), 035320 (2010)
C. Simovski, S. Tretyakov, Photonics Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 8, 254 (2010)
C. Simovski, S. Tretyakov, Phys. Rev. B 75, 195111 (2007)
C. Menzel, C. Helgert, J. Üpping, C. Rockstuhl, E.B. Kley, R. Wehrspohn, T. Pertsch, F. Lederer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 131104 (2009)
A. Minovich, D. Neshev, D. Powell, I. Shadrivov, M. Lapine, I. McKerracher, H. Hattori, H. Tan, C. Jagadish, Y. Kivshar, Phys. Rev. B 81, 115109 (2010)
P. Kolb, T. Corrigan, H. Drew, A. Sushkov, R. Phaneuf, A. Khanikaev, S. Mousavi, G. Shvets, Opt. Express 18, 24025 (2010)
Z. Liu, K.P. Chen, X. Ni, V. Drachev, V. Shalaev, A. Kildishev, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 27, 2465 (2010)
L. Lin, A. Roberts, Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 061109 (2010)
M. Burresi, D. Diessel, D. Oosten, S. Linden, M. Wegener, L. Kuipers, Nano Lett. 10, 2480 (2010)
A. Minovich, D. Neshev, D. Powell, I. Shadrivov, Y. Kivshar, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 193103 (2010)
N. Mortensen, M. Yan, O. Sigmund, O. Breinbjerg, J. Eur. Opt. Soc., Rapid Publ. 5, 10010 (2010)
S. Raghunathan, N. Budko, Phys. Rev. B 81, 054206 (2010)
L. Jelinek, R. Marques, J. Machac, Opt. Express 18, 17940 (2010)
T. Paul, C. Menzel, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, Adv. Mater. 22, 2354 (2010)
C. Helgert, E. Pshenay-Severin, M. Falkner, C. Menzel, C. Rockstuhl, E.B. Kley, A. Tünnermann, F. Lederer, T. Pertsch, Nano Lett. 11, 4400 (2011)
J. Valentine, S. Zhang, T. Zentgraf, E. Ulin-Avila, D. Genov, G. Bartal, X. Zhang, Nature 455, 376 (2008)
N. Liu, L. Fu, S. Kaiser, H. Schweizer, H. Giessen, Adv. Mater. 20, 3859 (2008)
N. Liu, H. Guo, L. Fu, S. Kaiser, H. Schweizer, H. Giessen, Nat. Mater. 7, 31 (2008)
C. Menzel, C. Helgert, C. Rockstuhl, E.B. Kley, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, F. Lederer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 253902 (2010)
T. Paul, C. Rockstuhl, C. Menzel, F. Lederer, Phys. Rev. B 79, 115430 (2009)
C. Menzel, A. Andryieuski, C. Rockstuhl, R. Iliew, R. Malureanu, F. Lederer, A. Lavrinenko, Phys. Rev. B 85, 195123 (2010)
C. Simovski, Metamaterials 2, 169 (2008)
C. Simovski, Opt. Spectrosc. 107, 726 (2009)
C. Bohren, D. Huffman, Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles (Wiley, New York, 1983)
B. Seo, T. Ueda, T. Itoh, H. Fetterman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 161122 (2006)
A. Kussow, A. Akyurtlu, N. Angkawisittpan, Phys. Status Solidi (b) 245, 992 (2008)
Acknowledgements
Financial support by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (PhoNa and MetaMat) as well as from the Thuringian State Government (MeMa) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors wish to thank M. Albooyeh and S. Tretyakov for fruitful discussions on the scattering response of amorphous magnetic dipoles.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Helgert, C., Pertsch, T. (2013). Deterministic Amorphous Metamaterials and Their Optical Far-Field Response. In: Rockstuhl, C., Scharf, T. (eds) Amorphous Nanophotonics. Nano-Optics and Nanophotonics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32475-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32475-8_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-32474-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-32475-8
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)