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Research on the Mechanism of Failure and Sediment Delivery of Landslide Dams in Debris Flow Channel

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Earthquake-Induced Landslides

Abstract

Landslide dams, distributed in debris flow channel, may amplify the scale of debris flow in magnitude because of their block-failure process. Besides, the loose materials of landslide dams are important material source of debris flows. Therefore, research on the mechanism of failure and sediment delivery of landslide dams in debris flow channel has great significance in debris flow prevention and mitigation. In this paper, we designed large-scale flume experiments to explore the failure patterns and the mechanism of sediment transport of landslide dams in debris flow channel. The failure of incomplete -block landslide dams had two patterns: overtopping and downward erosion of spillway. Refer to the associated sediment delivery theory, we presented the formula of scour rate of dam materials and peak flow; the calculated results are found to be in good agreement with model test data.

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Abbreviations

\( F_{L} \) :

Uplift force acting on the sediment grain

\( F_{d} \) :

Drag force acting on the sediment grain

a:

Side slope angle

b:

Angle between flow direction and horizontal axis of side slope

φ:

Angle of repose of sediment

\( \tau_{c} ' \) :

Critical shear stress of incipient motion of sediment

\( \tau_{c} \) :

Shear stress on the channel bed

h:

The depth of debris flow

σ:

Total stress of peak flow

ρ’:

Debris flow density

g:

Acceleration of gravity

γ:

The volume weight of water

J:

The flume gradient

gT :

The sediment carrying capacity of debris flow

U:

The mean velocity of debris flow in cross-section

ω:

Sediment settling velocity

eb :

The efficiency of bed load transport

D50 :

Median size of sediment

U* :

Friction velocity of sediment

U*C :

Threshold friction velocity of sediment

Sr :

Scour rate of dam materials

g0 :

The amount of sediment from upper sections

γs :

The volume weight of soil

ρs :

Soil density

B:

The width of the flume

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Acknowledgments

The work was supported by the state key Fundamental Research Program (2011CB409902), Ministry of Science and Technology, PRC

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory for Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process, Institute for Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu, China

    Zhu Xinghua, Cui Peng, Zhou Gongdan, Chen Huayong & Tang Jinbo

  2. Graduate School, CAS, Beijing, China

    Zhu Xinghua

Authors
  1. Zhu Xinghua
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  2. Cui Peng
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  3. Zhou Gongdan
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  4. Chen Huayong
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  5. Tang Jinbo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhu Xinghua .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Dept. of Civil & Environ. Engineering, Gunma University, Tenjin 1-5-1, Kiryu, 376-8515, Gunma, Japan

    Keizo Ugai

  2. , Faculty of Education, Art and Science, Yamagata University, Kojirakawa 1-4-12, Yamagata, 990-8567, Japan

    Hiroshi Yagi

  3. , Dept. of Civil & Environ. Engineering, Gunma University, Tenjin 1-5-1, Kiryu, 376-8515, Gunma, Japan

    Akihiko Wakai

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Xinghua, Z., Peng, C., Gongdan, Z., Huayong, C., Jinbo, T. (2013). Research on the Mechanism of Failure and Sediment Delivery of Landslide Dams in Debris Flow Channel. In: Ugai, K., Yagi, H., Wakai, A. (eds) Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32238-9_99

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