Abstract
The relaxation processes of dry granular slopes under horizontal shakings are experimentally examined in this study. The experiments show that the reduction of slope angle is mainly controlled by seismic acceleration amplitude, but also depends on particle arrangement and boundary effects. The proposed scaling law with an exponential decay well represents the relaxation process of surface slope in all experiments. Maximum velocities occur near the free surface. Three possible failure patterns such as the plane failure, arc-shape failure, and surface fluidization with standing waves are examined. The results can be of help to back calculate the seismic forcing upon granular piles in the field studies.
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Acknowledgments
The study is financially supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan, the Republic of China under Contract No. NSC-98-2221-E-008-074.
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Chou, HT., Lee, CF., Chen, SC. (2013). The Collapse Process of Granular Slopes Under Seismic Forcing. In: Ugai, K., Yagi, H., Wakai, A. (eds) Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32238-9_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32238-9_6
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