Abstract
The main objective of this contribution lies in the exploration of a new metropolitan form in the context of the knowledge economy: polycentric Mega-City Regions. In the first part, we focus on the theoretical building blocks of Mega-City Regions by considering these polycentric urban structures as an emerging spatial phenomenon based on re-scaling processes of agglomeration economies as well as network economies. By using the two inter-related concepts, we secondly analyse large-scale interlocking networks and functional urban hierarchies in nine Mega-City Regions in North West Europe: Munich, Northern Switzerland, the Dutch Randstad Region, South East England, Rhine-Ruhr, Rhine-Main, the Paris Region, Central Belgium and Greater Dublin. The main conclusion of the paper is that polycentric Mega-City Regions are becoming a more general phenomenon in advanced economies. The inter-urban functional linkages are found to be extending and intensifying while, at the same time, global functions are clustering and centralising. These apparently contradictory processes are intersecting on the Mega-City Region scale, which emerges as a new strategic location for activities of the knowledge economy.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Asheim B, Isaksen A (1997) Location, agglomeration and innovation: towards regional innovation systems in Norway? Eur Plann Stud 5(3):299–310
Becattini G (1989) Sectors and/or districts: some remarks on the conceptual foundations of industrial economics. In: Goodman E, Bamford J (eds) Small firms and industrial districts in Italy. Routledge, London
Blotevogel HH (2000) Gibt es in Deutschland Metropolen? In: Matejovski D (ed) Metropolen: Laboratorien der Moderne. Campus, Frankfurt am Main
Boschma R (2005) Proximity and innovation: a critical assessment. Reg Stud 39(1):61–74
Boschma R, Iammarino S (2009) Related variety, trade linkages, and regional growth in Italy. Econ Geogr 85(3):289–311
Bramanti A, Maggioni MA (eds) (1997) The dynamics of milieux: the network analysis approach. Ashgate, Aldershot
Cabus P, Vanhaverbeke W (2006) The territoriality of the network economy and urban networks: evidence from Flanders. Entrep Reg Dev 18:25–53
Carrincazeaux C, Lung Y, Vicente J (2008) The scientific trajectory of the French school of proximity: interaction- and institution-based approaches to regional innovation systems. Eur Plann Stud 16(5):617–628
Castells M (1989) The informational city information technology, economic restructuring, urban-regional process. Blackwell, Oxford
Castells M (2000) The rise of the network society. The information age: economy, society and culture. Blackwell, Malden
Coe N, Hess M, Yeung H, Dicken P, Henderson J (2004) ‘Globalising’ regional development: a global production networks perspective. Trans Inst Br Geogr 29(4):468–484
Coe N, Dicken P, Hess M (2008) Introduction: global production networks—debates and challenges. J Econ Geogr 8:267–269
Cooke P, Uranga MG, Etxebarria G (1998) Regional systems of innovation: an evolutionary perspective. Environ Plann A 30:1563–1584
Edquist C (1997) Systems of innovation approaches – their emergence and characteristics. In: Edquist C (ed) Systems of innovation: technologies, institutions and organisations. Pinter, London/Washington
Edquist C, Johnson B (eds) (1997) Institutions and organisations in systems of innovation. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham
ESPON (2004) ESPON Project 1.1.1. Potentials for polycentric development in Europe. Project report. European spatial planning observation network ESPON, Luxembourg
Friedmann J (1986) The world city hypothesis. Dev Change 17:69–83
Gereffi G, Humphrey J, Sturgeon T (2005) The governance of global value chains. Rev Int Polit Econ 12(1):78–104
Gottmann J (1961) Megalopolis. The urbanized northeastern seaboard of the United States. Twentieth Century Fund, New York
Grabher G (1991) The embedded firm: the socio-economics of industrial networks. Routledge, London
Grote MH (2004) Die Entwicklung des Finanzplatzes Frankfurt. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin
Halbert L (2004) The intrametropolitan decentralisation of business services in the Paris region: patterns, interpretation, consequences. Econ Geogr 80:381–405
Halbert L (2008) Examining the mega-city-region hypothesis: evidence from the Paris city-region/Bassin parisien. Reg Stud 42(8):1147–1160
Hall P (1966) The world cities. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London
Hall P (1999) Planning for the mega-city: a new eastern Asian urban form? In: Brotchie JF (ed) East west perspectives on 21st century urban development: sustainable eastern and western cities in the new millennium. Ashgate, Aldershot
Hall P (2007) Delineating urban territories. Is this a relevant issue? In: Cattan N (ed) Cities and networks in Europe. A critical approach of polycentrism. John Libbey Eurotext, Paris
Hall P, Pain K (2006) The polycentric metropolis. Learning from mega-city regions in Europe. Earthscan, London
Henderson J, Dicken P, Hess M, Coe N, Yeung W (2002) Global production networks and the analysis of economic development. Rev Int Polit Econ 9(3):436–464
Hoover EM (1937) Location theory and the shoe and leather industries. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
Hoover EM (1948) The location of economic activity. McGraw-Hill, New York
Hoyler M, Freytag T, Mager C (2008a) Connecting rhine-main: the production of multi-scalar polycentricities through knowledge-intensive business services. Reg Stud 42(8):1095–1111
Hoyler M, Kloosterman RC, Sokol M (2008b) Polycentric puzzles – emerging mega-city regions seen through the lens of advanced producer services. Reg Stud 42(8):1055–1064
Kloosterman RC, Musterd S (2001) The polycentric urban region: towards a research agenda. Urban Stud 38(4):623–633
Knapp W, Schmitt P (2008) Discourse on ‘metropolitan driving forces’ and ‘uneven development’: Germany and the Rhine-Rruhr conurbation. Reg Stud 42(8):1187–1204
Kogut B (1985) Designing global strategies: comparative and competitive value-added chains. Sloan Manage Rev 26(4):15–28
Lambregts B (2008) Geographies of knowledge formation in mega-city regions: some evidence from the Dutch Randstad. Reg Stud 42(8):1173–1186
Lundvall BÅ (ed) (1988) Innovation as an interactive process: from user-producer interaction to the national system of innovation. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham
Lundvall BÅ (ed) (1992) Introduction in: national systems of innovation: towards a theory of innovation and interactive learning. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham
Lüthi S, Thierstein A, Goebel V (2008) Intra-firm and extra-firm linkages of the knowledge economy – the case of the mega-city region of Munich. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG), Boston
Maillat D, Quévit M, Senn L (1993) Réseaux d’innovation et milieux innovateurs: Un pari pour le développement régional. EDES, Neuchâtel
Marshall A (1920) Principles of economics, chapter 10 – industrial organisation, continued. The concentration of specialised industries in particular localities. Macmillan, London
Massey D (1985) Spatial divisions of labour. Social structures and the geography of production (reprint). MacMillan, London
Morgan K (1997) The learning region: institutions innovation and regional renewal. Reg Stud 31(5):491–503
Moulaert F, Sekia F (2003) Territorial innovation models: a critical survey. Reg Stud 37(3):289–302
Muscio A (2006) From regional innovation systems to local innovation systems: evidence from Italian industrial districts. Eur Plann Stud 14(6):773–789
Nelson R (1993) National innovation systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Nelson R, Winter S (1982) An evolutionary theory of economic change. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge/London
Pain K (2008) Examining ‘core-periphery’ relationships in a global city-region: the case of London and South East England. Reg Stud 42(8):1161–1172
Pike A (2007) Editorial: whither regional studies? Reg Stud 41(9):1143–1148
Piore MJ, Sable CF (1984) The second industrial divide: possibilities for prosperity. Basic, New York
Sassen S (2001) The global city: New York, London, Tokyo. Princeton University Press, Oxford
Schamp EW (2001) Der Aufstieg von Frankfurt/Rhein-Main zur europäischen Metropolregion. Geogr Helv 56(3):169–178
Schumpeter JA (1926) Theorie der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung, 2nd edn. Duncker & Humblot, München/Leipzig
Scott AJ (1985) Location processes, urbanisation and territorial development: an exploratory essay. Environ Plann A 17:479–501
Scott AJ (2001) Global city-regions: trends, theory, policy. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Simmie J (2003) Innovation and urban regions as national and international nodes for the transfer and sharing of knowledge. Reg Stud 37(6):607–620
Simmie J (2005) Innovation and space: a critical review of the literature. Reg Stud 39(6):789–804
Sokol M, van Egeraat C, Williams B (2008) Revisiting the ‘informational city’: space of flows polycentricity and the geography of knowledge-intensive business services in the emerging global city-region of Dublin. Reg Stud 42(8):1133–1146
Storper M (1995) The resurgence of regional economies ten years later: the region as a nexus of untraded interdependencies. Eur Urban Reg Stud 2:119–221
Storper M, Walker R (1988) The geographical foundations and social regulations of flexible production complexes, London
Taylor PJ (2004) World city network: a global urban analysis. Routledge, London
Taylor PJ, Evans DM, Pain K (2008) Application of the interlocking network model to mega-city-regions: measuring polycentricity within and beyond city-regions. Reg Stud 42(8):1079–1093
Thierstein A, Kruse C, Glanzmann L, Gabi S, Grillon N (2006) Raumentwicklung im Verborgenen Untersuchungen und Handlungsfelder für die Entwicklung der Metropolregion Nordschweiz. NZZ Buchverlag, Zurich
Thierstein A, Goebel V, Lüthi S (2007) Standortverflechtungen der Metropolregion München. Über Konnektivität in der Wissensökonomie. Lehrstuhl für Raumentwicklung, TU München, München
Thierstein A, Lüthi S, Kruse C, Gabi S, Glanzmann L (2008) Changing value chain of the knowledge economy. Spatial impact of intra-firm and inter-firm networks within the emerging mega-city region of Northern Switzerland. Reg Stud 42(8):1113–1131
Torre A, Rallet A (2005) Proximity and localization. Reg Stud 39(1):47–59
Vandermotten C, Roelandts M, Aujean L, Castiau E (2006a) Central Belgium: polycentrism in a federal context. In: Hall P, Pain K (eds) The polycentric metropolis learning from mega-city regions in Europe. Earthscan, London
Vandermotten C, Roelandts M, Aujean L, Castiau E (2006b) Globalisation and social dualisation, under an institutional constraint: the Brussels-capital case. Built Environ 32(2):148–156
Wildemann H (2003) Supply Chain Management Effizienzsteigerung in der unternehmensübergreifenden Wertschöpfungskette. TCW Transfer-Centrum, München
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Thierstein, A., Lüthi, S. (2013). Interlocking Firm Networks and Emerging Mega-City Regions in the Knowledge Economy. In: Klaesson, J., Johansson, B., Karlsson, C. (eds) Metropolitan Regions. Advances in Spatial Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32141-2_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32141-2_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-32140-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-32141-2
eBook Packages: Business and EconomicsEconomics and Finance (R0)