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Article 43 [Tasks and Instruments for Implementing the CSDP]

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Abstract

Art. 43 TEU is related to Art. 42.1 TEU, which defines the CSDP as “an integral part” of the CFSP, providing “the Union with an operational capacity drawing on civilian and military assets”. This operational capacity is meant at fulfilling “missions outside the Union for peacekeeping, conflict prevention and strengthening international security in accordance with the principles of the United Nations Charter”.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Koutrakos (2007), p. 249.

  2. 2.

    Terpan (2004), p. 11 et seqq.

  3. 3.

    Osinga (2004), p. 61; Terpan (2010), p. 55.

  4. 4.

    “A Secure Europe in a Better World: European Security Strategy”, 12 December 2003, http://ue.eu.int/uedocs/cmsUpload/78367.pdf.

  5. 5.

    Duke (2002); Naert (2007), p. 61; Terpan (2010), p. 82.

  6. 6.

    Council Joint Action 2007/369/CFSP establishing the European Union Police Mission in Afghanistan (EUPOL AFGHANISTAN), O.J. L 139/33 (2007); extended by Council Decision 2010/279/CFSP, O.J. L 123/4 (2010); last amended by Council Decision 2011/473/CFSP, O.J. L 195/72 (2011).

  7. 7.

    Council Joint Action 2005/797/CFSP on the European Union Police Mission for the Palestinian Territories, O.J. L 300/65 (2005); amended by Council Decision 2009/955/CFSP, O.J. L 330/76 (2009) and Council Decision 2010/747/CFSP, O.J. L 318/44 (2010).

  8. 8.

    Council Joint Action 2002/210/CFSP on the European Union Police Mission, O.J. L 70/1 (2002); last continued by Council Decision 2009/906/CFSP, O.J. L 322/22 (2009); last amended by Council Decision 2010/755/CFSP, O.J. L 320/10 (2010); see Naert (2007), p. 65.

  9. 9.

    Council Joint Action 2007/405/CFSP on the European Union police mission undertaken in the framework of reform of the security sector (SSR) and its interface with the system of justice in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (EUPOL RD Congo), O.J. L 151/46 (2007); last amended by Council Decision 2011/537/CFSP, O.J. L 236/8 (2011).

  10. 10.

    Council Joint Action 2005/889/CFSP on establishing a European Union Border Assistance Mission for the Rafah Crossing Point (EU BAM Rafah), O.J. L 327/28 (2005); last amended by Council Decision 2011/312/CFSP, O.J. L 140/55 (2011).

  11. 11.

    Council Joint Action 2008/736/CFSP on the European Union Monitoring Mission in Georgia (EUMM Georgia), O.J. L 248/26 (2008); last amended by Council Decision 2011/536 CFSP, O.J. L 236/7 (2011).

  12. 12.

    Council Joint Action 2008/112/CFSP on the European Union mission in support of security sector reform in the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (EU SSR GUINEA-BISSAU), O.J. L 40/11 (2008); last amended by Council Decision 2010/298/CFSP, O.J. L 127/16 (2010).

  13. 13.

    Council Joint Action 2005/355/CFSP on the European Union mission to provide advice and assistance for security sector reform in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), O.J. L 112/20 (2005); last amended by Council Decision 2011/538/CFSP, O.J. L 236/10 (2011); Naert (2007), p. 88.

  14. 14.

    Council Joint Action 2005/190/CFSP on the European Union Integrated Rule of Law Mission for Iraq, EUJUST LEX, O.J. L 62/37 (2005); last amended by Council Decision 2011/380/CFSP, O.J. L 169/27 (2011). Naert (2007), p. 89.

  15. 15.

    Council Joint Action 2008/124/CFSP on the European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo, EULEX KOSOVO, O.J. L42/92 (2008); last amended by Council Decision 2011/270/CFSP, O.J. L 119/12 (2011).

  16. 16.

    Council Joint Action 2005/826/CFSP, O.J. L 307/61 (2005).

  17. 17.

    Council Joint Action 2004/789/CFSP, O.J. L 348/40 (2004). Naert (2007), p. 76.

  18. 18.

    Council Joint Action 2004/847/CFSP on the European Union Police Mission in Kinshasa (DRC) regarding the Integrated Police Unit (EUPOL ‘Kinshasa’), O.J. L367/30; last amended by Council Joint Action 2006/913/CFSP, O.J. L 346/67 (2006). Naert (2007), p. 86.

  19. 19.

    Council Joint Action 2005/643/CFSP on the European Union Monitoring Mission in Aceh (Indonesia) (Aceh Monitoring Mission—AMM), O.J. L 234/13 (2005). Naert (2007), p. 92.

  20. 20.

    Council Joint Action 2004/523/CFSP on the European Union Rule of Law Mission in Georgia, EUJUST THEMIS, O.J. L 228/21 (2004). Naert (2007), p. 80.

  21. 21.

    Council Joint Action 2008/851/CFSP on a European Union military operation to contribute to the deterrence, prevention and repression of acts of piracy and armed robbery off the Somali coast, O.J. L 301/33 (2008), last amended by Council Decision 2010/766/CFSP, O.J. L 327/49 (2010).

  22. 22.

    Council Decision 2010/96 on a European Union military mission to contribute to the training of Somali security forces, O.J. L 44/16 (2010), last amended by Council Decision 2011/483/CFSP, O.J. L 198/37 (2011).

  23. 23.

    Council Joint Action 2004/570/CFSP on the European Union military operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, O.J. L 252/10 (2004). Naert (2007), p. 82.

  24. 24.

    Council Joint Action 2003/92/CFSP on the European Union military operation in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, O.J. L34/26, last amended by Council Decision 2003/563/CFSP, O.J. L 190/20 (2003). Naert (2007), p. 68.

  25. 25.

    Council Joint Action 2007/677/CFSP on the European Union military operation in the Republic of Chad and in the Central African Republic, O.J. L 279/21 (2007).

  26. 26.

    Council Joint Action 2003/432/CFSP on the launching of the European Union military operation in the Democratic Republic of Congo, O.J. L 147/42 (2003). Naert (2007), p. 72; Abass (2007), p. 134.

  27. 27.

    Council Joint Action 2006/319/CFSP on the European Union military operation in support of the United Nations Organisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) during the election process, O.J. L 166/98 (2006).

  28. 28.

    Council Joint Action 2005/557/CFSP on the European Union civilian-military supporting action to the African Union mission in the Darfur region of Sudan, O.J. L 188/46 (2005), last amended by Council Joint Action 2007/245/CFSP, O.J. L 106/65 (2007). Naert (2007), p. 90.

  29. 29.

    Koskenniemi (1997); Naert (2007), p. 97.

  30. 30.

    Tsagourias (2007), p. 117.

  31. 31.

    Tsagourias (2007), p. 122.

  32. 32.

    Marauhn (1996).

  33. 33.

    Pagani (1998), p. 737; Terpan (2003), p. 111.

  34. 34.

    The fight against terrorism has a special status in that all the other tasks are supposed to contribute to its achievement, → para 22 et seqq.

  35. 35.

    European Council Declaration on strengthening the common European policy on security and defence (4 June 1999), available on the website “European navigator”: http://www.ena.lu/cologne_european_council_declaration_common_policy_security_defence_june_1999-2-38513-1.pdf.

  36. 36.

    European Council, Laeken, 14/15 December 2001, Report of the Presidency, in Rutten (2002), p. 111.

  37. 37.

    Franco-British summit, London, 29 November 2001, in Rutten (2002), p. 111.

  38. 38.

    White (2007), p. 102.

  39. 39.

    Kronenberger and Wouters (2004).

  40. 40.

    On this approach to conflict prevention, see Commission Communication of 11 April 2001 on conflict prevention, COM(2001) 211 final.

  41. 41.

    Missiroli (2003), p. 493.

  42. 42.

    EUFOR Concordia between March and December 2003, EUPOL Proxima between December 2003 to December 2005.

  43. 43.

    For example, operation EUNAVFOR Somalia, also called Atalanta, aims at protecting vessels through deterrence, prevention but also “repression” of acts of piracy and armed robbery off the Somali coast.

  44. 44.

    Council Decision 2011/210/CFSP of 1 April 2011 on a European Union military operation in support of humanitarian assistance operations in response to the crisis situation in Libya (EUFOR Libya), O.J. L 89/17 (2011).

  45. 45.

    Council Decision 2010/96/CFSP of 15 February 2010 on a European Union military mission to contribute to the training of Somali security forces, O.J. L 44/16 (2010).

  46. 46.

    Sossai (2007), p. 157.

  47. 47.

    Extraordinary European Council, 21 September 2001, Conclusions and action plan, in Rutten (2002), p. 158.

  48. 48.

    “A Secure Europe in a Better World: European Security Strategy”, 12 December 2003, http://ue.eu.int/uedocs/cmsUpload/78367.pdf.

  49. 49.

    Following the terrorist attacks in Madrid, a Declaration on solidarity against terrorism issued on 25 March 2004 states that the MS shall act in a spirit of solidarity if one of them is victim of a terrorist attack. Since then, a solidarity clause in case of a terrorist attack has been included in EU law by the Treaty of Lisbon (Art. 222 TFEU).

  50. 50.

    Doc 14797/04, “Conceptual Framework on the European Security and Defence Dimension of the Fight against Terrorism”, 18 November 2004.

  51. 51.

    UNSC Resolution 1373(2001), UN Doc S/RES/1373 (2001), 28 September 2001; UNSC Resolution 1377(2001), UN Doc S/RES/1377 (2001), 17 November 2001.

  52. 52.

    See also Doc SEC (2004) 332, Commission Staff Working Paper, European Security Strategy: Fight against Terrorism, 19 March 2004.

  53. 53.

    Berlin Plus is a series of useful arrangements tied together with the so-called “Framework Agreement” which consists of an exchange of letters between the EU’s HR and the NATO Secretary General dated 17 March 2003. Terpan (2007), p. 282.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty for Economics, Law and Social Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany

    Hermann-Josef Blanke

  2. National Research Council Institute for Regionalism, Federalism and Self-Government, Rome, Italy

    Stelio Mangiameli

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  1. Hermann-Josef Blanke
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty for Economics, Law and Social Sc, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany

    Hermann-Josef Blanke

  2. National Research Council - Institute fo Regionalism, Federalism and Self-Governm, Rome, Italy

    Stelio Mangiameli

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Blanke, HJ., Mangiameli, S. (2013). Article 43 [Tasks and Instruments for Implementing the CSDP]. In: Blanke, HJ., Mangiameli, S. (eds) The Treaty on European Union (TEU). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31706-4_44

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