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Geochemistry at the Earth’s Surface pp 157–196Cite as

Soils: Retention and Movement of Elements at the Interface

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Abstract

Soils are developed at the surface zone where atmosphere and rock materials which have interacted in the first instances of alteration, specifically with rain water that is basically very unsaturated with respect to mineral elements are influenced by chemical forces engendered by plant activity. At the interface water moves into the alterite and eventually it moves outward (down hill by gravity) to the water table and into the surface flow of streams and rivers. This movement of water from land surfaces to streams and rivers brings with it the dissolved and some fine grained material (clays) into the system of material displacement which is called erosion. Erosion does not necessarily mean displacement by mass movement of solids. Dissolved material makes up a significant amount of displacement of material in the geological cycle. The most important aspect of the contact zone is that it is for the most part covered, or at least partially, by plants which form a zone of roots which interact with the alterite material.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung (INE), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany

    Andreas Bauer

  2. Ecole Normale Supérieure Laboratoire de Géologie, Paris CEDEX 5, France

    Bruce D. Velde

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Bauer, A., Velde, B.D. (2014). Soils: Retention and Movement of Elements at the Interface. In: Geochemistry at the Earth’s Surface. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31359-2_4

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