Skip to main content

Landsides in Cold Regions: Making a Science that can be put into Practice

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

The assessment of landslide hazard in cold regions (i.e. influenced by snow, glaciers, permafrost) is faced with a twofold challenge: The magnitude of climate change is expected to be greater here that in many other regions, enabling strong shifts in e.g., the probabilities of triggering events such as intense precipitation or snow melt. Additionally, rapid changes such as permafrost degradation, warming firn areas or vanishing glaciers can fundamentally alter system behaviour and thus strongly change its response to a given forcing. As a consequence, the known difficulties of understanding low-frequency high-magnitude events such as landslides are intensified by continued and nonlinear change. Using concrete example from permafrost research, I will discuss general strategies to nevertheless arrive at conclusions that may be of practical relevance. This presentation, of course, heavily draws from the work of collaborators.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Boeckli L, Brenning A, Gruber S, Noetzli J (2012) Permafrost distribution in the European Alps: calculation and evaluation of an index map and summary statistics. The Cryosphere 6:807–820

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cremonese E, Gruber S, Phillips M, Pogliotti P, Boeckli L, Noetzli J, Suter C, Bodin X, Crepaz A, Kellerer-Pirklbauer A, Lang K, Letey S, Mair V, Morra di Cella U, Ravanel L, Scapozza C, Seppi R, Zischg A (2011) Brief communication: an inventory of permafrost evidence for the European Alps. The Cryosphere 5:651–657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frey H, Haeberli W, Linsbauer A, Huggel C, Paul F (2010) A multi-level strategy for anticipating future glacier lake formation and associated hazard potentials. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 10:339–352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geertsema M, Clague JJ, Schwab JB, Evans SG (2006) An overview of recent large catastrophic landslides in northern British Columbia, Canada. Eng Geol 83:120–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gruber S (2012) Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation. The Cryosphere 6:221–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gruber S, Haeberli W (2007) Permafrost in steep bedrock slopes and its temperature-related destabilization following climate change. J Geophys Res 112:F02S18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haeberli W, Huggel C, Kääb A, Zgraggen-Oswald S, Polkvoj A, Galushkin I, Zotikov I, Osokin N (2004) The Kolka-Karmadon rock/ice slide of 20 September 2002: an extraordinary event of historical dimensions in North Ossetia, Russian Caucasus. J Glaciol 50:533–546

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris C, Arenson LU, Christiansen HH, Etzelmüller B, Frauenfelder R, Gruber S, Haeberli W, Hauck C, Hölzle M, Humlum O et al (2009) Permafrost and climate in Europe: monitoring and modelling thermal, geomorphological and geotechnical responses. Earth Sci Rev 92:117–171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hasler A (2011) Thermal conditions and kinematics of steep bedrock permafrost. Ph.D. thesis, University of Zurich, Switzerland

    Google Scholar 

  • Paul F, Haeberli W (2008) Spatial variability of glacier elevation changes in the Swiss Alps obtained from two digital elevation models. Geophys Res Lett 35:10–1029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paul F, Kaab A, Haeberli W (2007) Recent glacier changes in the Alps observed by satellite: consequences for future monitoring strategies. Glob Planet Change 56:111–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravanel L, Allignol F, Deline P, Gruber S, Ravello M (2010) Rock falls in the Mont Blanc Massif in 2007 and 2008. Landslides 7(4):493–501

    Google Scholar 

  • Roer I, Haeberli W, Avian M, Kaufmann V, Delaloye R, Lambiel C, Kääb A (2008) Observations and considerations on destabilizing active rock glaciers in the European Alps. In: Ninth international conference on permafrost, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp 1505–1510

    Google Scholar 

  • Varnes DJ (1984) Landslide hazard zonation: a review of principles and practice. UNESCO, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Wirz V, Limpach P, Buchli B, Beutel J, Gruber S (2011) Temporal characteristics of different cryosphere-related slope movements in high mountains. In: Proceedings of the second world landslide forum, Rome

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The work presented in this keynote draws heavily on the work of colleagues and collaborators. It has been decisively supported by the SNF NCCR-MICS project PERMASENSE, the nano-tera.ch supported project X-SENSE, the SNF project CRYOSUB, the EU-Alpine-Space project PERMANET, the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment as well as the International Foundation High Altitude Research Stations Jungfraujoch and Gornergrat. Marten Geertsema has enabled and led the field campaign on which the Pink Mountain slide was documented.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stephan Gruber .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gruber, S. (2013). Landsides in Cold Regions: Making a Science that can be put into Practice. In: Margottini, C., Canuti, P., Sassa, K. (eds) Landslide Science and Practice. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31337-0_42

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics