Abstract
Models and simulations are immediately obfuscated by being what they are, abstract representations of reality. With reductionist parameters and defined algorithms, models and simulations obtain a definitiveness lacking in the reality they explain. Increased computational power has enabled the production of complex representations. This increased complexity makes understanding what is happening “behind the scenes” almost entirely unintelligible to consumers. At the same time, advancements in Animation enable practitioners to present the results at almost movie-like levels of production. This subtly transforms the ontological status of the results, making them appear as something one should view rather than something about which one should think. What happens when producers and consumers of models and simulations lose the self-certainty associated with their project? Such a situation calls into question the performative aspects of both groups’ maneuvers. We situate the locus of this discussion around the notion of validity. Once considered essential, the quest for validity perhaps increasingly reveals a form of existential absurdity and, in a nihilistic twist of postmodern thought, the radical devaluation of one of the ideals of the philosophy of science.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abbott, M.B., Vojinovic, Z.: Applications of numerical modelling in hydroinformatics. Journal of Hydroinformatics 11(3-4), 308–319 (2009)
Balci, O.: Verification, validation, and accreditation. In: Proceedings of the 1995 Winter Simulation Conference, pp. 41–48 (1995)
Banks, J., Carson, J.S., Nelson, B.L., Nicol, D.M.: Discrete-Event System Simulation, 3rd edn. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle Ridge (2001)
Baudrillard, J.: Simulacra and simulation (Glaser, S. F. (trans.)). The Univeristy of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor (1994)
Bera, P., Burton-Jones, A., Wand, Y.: Guidelines for designing visual ontologies to support knowledge identification. MIS Quarterly 35(4), 883–A11 (2011)
Berger, P.L., Luckmann, T.: The social construction of reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge. Anchor Books, New York (1966)
Bois, J.S.: The art of awareness, 2nd edn. William C. Brown Publisher, Dubuque (1975)
Brummett, B.: Some implications of “process” or “intersubjectivity”: Postmodern rhetoric. Philosophy & Rhetoric 9(1), 21–51 (1976)
Davis, P.K.: Generalzing concepts and methods of verification, validation, and accreditation for military simulations. Technical Report. Santa Monica, CA: RAND (1992)
Debord, G.: Society of the spectacle. Black & Red, Detroit (2005)
Doyle, K.: The Reality of a Disappearance: Fredric Jameson and the Cultural Logic of Postmodernism. Critical Sociology (Brill Academic Publishers) 19(1), 113–127 (1992)
Feinstein, A.H., Cannon, H.M.: A hermeneutical approach to external validation of simulation models. Simulation and Gaming 34(2), 186–197 (2002)
Fishman, G.S., Kiviat, P.J.: The statistics of discrete-event simulation. Simulation 10, 185–195 (1968)
Ford, D.: The search for meaning. University of California Press, Berkeley (2008)
Foucault, M.: Power/Knowledge: Selected interviews & other writings 1972-1977 (Gordon, C., Marshall, L., Mepham, J., Soper, K. (trans.)). Pantheon Books, New York (1980)
Frankl, V.E.: Man’s search for meaning: An introduction to logotherapy, 4th edn. Beacon Press, Boston (1992)
Gozzi Jr., R.: Has metaphor collapsed? ETC: A Review of General Semantics 50(3), 374–377 (1993)
Grandy, G., Mills, A.J.: Strategy as simulacra? A radical reflexive look at the discipline and practice of strategy. Journal of Management Studies 41(7), 1153–1170 (2004)
Hayakawa, S.I.: Language in thought and action (New Rev. ed.). Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., New York (1964)
Heath, B.L., Hill, R.R.: Agent-Based Modeling: A Historical Perspective and a Review of Validation and Verification Efforts. In: Handbook of Research on Discrete Event Simulation Environments: Technologies and Applications. IGI Global, New York (2009)
Heath, B.L.: The History, Philosophy, and Practice of Agent-Based Modeling and the Development of the Conceptual Model for Simulation Diagram. Wright State University. OhioLink Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center (2010)
Heidegger, M.: Being and time (Macquarrie, J., Robinson, E. (trans.)). Harper Collins Publisher, New York (1962)
Jackson, R.A.: Contextualizing analysis in postmodernity. Presented at the 2011 Air Force Analyses, Assessments, and Lessons Learned Symposium, Dayton, OH (October 2011a)
Jackson, R.A.: Acquisition reform as performance art: Reforming acquisition reform. Defense AT&L 40(6), 25–27 (2011b)
Jackson, R.A.: A quantitative analysis comparing senior leadership tenures within the department of the air force from 1947 to 2005 with those of successful, private-industry corporations. Walden University. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (2008)
Jackson, R.A., Dafler, J.R.: A slightly deconstructive treatment of the cost estimating project: Self-reflexive cost estimating and the potential rhetorical significance of cost estimates. In: Proceedings of ISPA/SCEA 2008 Joint International Conference (2008) ISBN 0-9720204-8-9
Kassel, G.: A formal ontology of artefacts. Applied Ontology 5(3/4), 223–246 (2010)
Kearney, R.: Strangers, gods and monsters. Routledge, New York (2003)
Korzybski, A.: Science and sanity: An introduction to non-Aristotelian systems and general semantics, 5th edn. Institute of General Semantics, New York (2000)
Kuhn, T.S.: The structure of scientific revolutions, 3rd edn. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1996)
Lakoff, G., Johnson, M.: Metaphors we live by. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago (2003)
Law, A.M.: Simulation, modeling, and analysis, 4th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York (2007)
Lyotard, J.F.: The postmodern condition: A report on knowledge (Gennington, G., Massumi, B. (trans.)). The University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis (1984)
Nietzsche, F.: Will to power (Kaufmann, W., Hollingdale, R.J. (trans.)). Vintage Books, New York (1968)
Ostertag, S.F.: Processing Culture: Cognition, Ontology, and the News Media Processing Culture: Cognition, Ontology, and the News Media. Sociological Forum 25(4), 824–850 (2010)
Petković, K.: Michel Foucault and the Ontology of Politics: E Pluribus Unum? Politicka Misao: Croatian Political Science Review 47(3), 176–202 (2010)
Pidd, M.: Tools for thinking: Modelling in management science, 2nd edn., ch. 11, pp. 289–312. John Wiley and Sons, New York (2003)
Raadschelders, J.N.: The Future of the Study of Public Administration: Embedding Research Object and Methodology in Epistemology and Ontology. Public Administration Review 71(6), 916–924 (2011)
Radtchenko, D.: Simulating the past: Reenactment and the quest for truth in Russia. Rethinking History 10(1), 127–148 (2006)
Raubal, M., Kuhn, W.: Ontology-based task simulation. Spatial Cognition and Computation 4(1), 15–37 (2004)
Rzhetsky, A., Evans, J.A.: War of Ontology Worlds: Mathematics, Computer Code, or Esperanto? Plos Computational Biology 7(9), 1–4 (2011)
Sargent, R.G.: Verification and validation of simulation models. In: Proceedings of the 2005 Winter Simulation Conference, pp. 130–143 (2005)
Sartre, J.-P.: The transcendence of the ego: An existentialist theory of consciousness (Williams, F., Kirkpatrick, R. (trans.)). Hill and Wang, New York (1960)
Sartre, J.-P.: Existentialism is a humanism (Macomber, C. (trans.)). Yale University Press, New Haven (2007)
Schreiber, C., Carley, K.M.: Leadership style as an enabler of organizational complex functioning. E:CO 8(4), 61–76 (2006)
Turnitsa, C., Tolk, A.: Ontology applied – Techniques employing ontological representation for M&S. In: Proceedings of the 2006 Fall Simulation Interoperability Workshop (2006)
Turnitsa, C., Padilla, J.J., Tolk, A.: Ontology for modeling and simulation. In: Proceedings of the 2010 Winter Simulation Conference (2010)
Weick, K.E.: The social psychology of organizing, 2nd edn. Addison-Wesley Publishers, Reading (1979)
Weick, K.E.: Sensemaking in organizations. Sage Publications, Inc., Thousand Oaks (1995)
Wilcock, A.: Reflections on doing, being and becoming*. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 46(1), 1–11 (1999)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Heath, B.L., Jackson, R.A. (2013). Ontological Implications of Modeling and Simulation in Postmodernity. In: Tolk, A. (eds) Ontology, Epistemology, and Teleology for Modeling and Simulation. Intelligent Systems Reference Library, vol 44. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31140-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31140-6_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-31139-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-31140-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)