Skip to main content

Intraoperative Imaging of the Parathyroid Glands

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Parathyroid Glands

Abstract

Improvement of diagnostic methods has led to the creation of equipment that allows accurate results to be obtained in a short period of time. Novel technologies based on current scientific knowledge have allowed for the construction of devices which work practically in real time. Scientific progress has also predetermined the creation of portable instruments which can be easily transported and placed by the operation table. All of this has become part of the prerequisites for development of the novel modalities for both intraoperative topical diagnostics of abnormal parathyroid glands and quick assessment of the adequacy of performed surgical intervention, which is even more important. These intraoperative modalities, which are widely utilized today, involve US, gamma detection, differential staining, and rapid determination of intact PTH.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Berson SA, Yalow RS, Aurbach GD, Potts JT (1963) Immunoassay of bovine and human parathyroid hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 49(5):613–617

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bonini PA, Banff G (1991) Detection, signal processing, and calibration in immunoassay systems. J Autom Chem 13(2):45–47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brennan MF, Norton JA (1985) Reoperation for persistent and recurrent hyperparathyroidism. Ann Surg 201(1):40–44

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Casara D, Rubello D, Piotto A et al (2000) 99mTc-MIBI radioguided surgery for limited invasive parathyroidectomy. Tumori 86(4):370–371

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Casara D, Rubello D, Pelizzo MR, Shapiro B (2001) Clinical role of 99mTc-MIBI scan, ultrasound and intra-operative gamma probe in the performance of unilateral and minimally invasive surgery in primary hyperparathyroidism. Eur J Nucl Med 28(9):1351–1359

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Casara D, Rubello D, Cauzzo C, Pelizzo MR (2002) 99mTc-MIBI radio-guided minimally invasive parathyroidectomy: experience with patients with normal thyroids and nodular goiters. Thyroid 12(1):53–61

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dackiw AP, Sussman JJ, Fritsche HA et al (2000) Relative contributions to technetium 99mTc-ses-tamibi scintigations, intraoperative gamma probe detection, and the rapid parathyroid hormone assay to the surgical management of hyperparathyroidism. Arch Surg 135(5):555–557

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Derom AF, Wallaert PC, Janzing HM, Derom FE (1993) Intraoperative identification of parathyroid glands with methylene blue infusion. Am J Surg 165(3):380–382

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doppman JL, Dwyer A (1986) Postoperative parathyroid high-frequency sonography: evaluation of persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism. Invest Radiol 21(2):186–187

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dudley NE (1971) Methylene blue for rapid identification of the parathyroids. Br Med J 3:680–681

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elias D, Schlumberger M, Treich G et al (1983) Locating parathyroid glands by methylene blue during thyroid surgery. Presse Med 12(19):1229–1231

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gagner M (1996) Endoscopic subtotal parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Br J Surg 83(6):875

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Golokhvastov NN (2003a) Some problems of diagnosis and treatment of the primary hyperparathyroidism. Contemporary aspects of endocrine surgery, vol 2. Lectures. XI (XIII) Russian symposium on endocrine surgery, with foreign participants, 15–18 July, St. Petersburg: WELСОМЕ, pp 69–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Golokhvastov NN (2003b) Hypercalcemia. Primary hyperparathyroidism (handbook). St. Petersburg (Book in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon DL, Airan MC, Thomas W, Seidman LH (1975) Parathyroid identification by methylene blue infusion. Br J Surg 62(9):747–749

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurvitz RJ, Hurvitz JS, Morgenstern L (1967) «In vivo» staining of the parathyroid glands and pancreas. Arch Surg 95(2):274–277

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurvitz RJ, Perzik SL, Morgenstern L (1968) In vivo staining of the parathyroid glands. A clinical study. Arch Surg 97(5):722–726

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kairys JC, Daskalakis C, Weigel RJ (2006) Surgeon-performed ultrasound for preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. World J Surg 30:1658–1663

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kang GS, DiGiulio W (1968) Potential value of toluidine blue analogs as parathyroid scanning agents. J Nucl Med 9(12):643–644

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kao PC, van Heerden JA, Grant CS et al (1992) Clinical performance of parathyroid hormone immunometric assays. Mayo Clin Proc 67(7):637–645

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klopper PJ, Moe RE (1966) Demonstration of the parathyroids during surgery in dogs, with preliminary report of results in some clinical cases. Surgery 59(6):1101–1107

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kаlinin АP, Fomina ТG (1985) Visualization of the parathyroid adenomas and parathyroid glands. Khirurgiya 3:131–137 (Article in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kаlinin АP, Nurmanbetov DN, Lukjanchikov VS (1992) Primary hyperparathyroidism. Ilim, Bishkek (Book in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lavelle MA (1980) Parathyroid adenoma stained with methylene blue. J R Soc Med 73(6):462–463

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lokey J, Pattou F, Mondragon-Sanchez A et al (2000) Intraoperative decay profile of intact (1–84) parathyroid hormone in surgery for renal hyperparathyroidism – a consecutive series of 80 patients. Surgery 128(6):1029–1034

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mariani G, Gulec SA, Rubello D et al (2003) Preoperative localization and radioguided parathyroid surgery. J Nucl Med 44(9):1443–1458

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy C, Norman J (1999) The 20% rule: a simple, instantaneous radioactivity measurement defines cure and allows elimination of frozen sections and hormone assays during parathyroidectomy. Surgery 126(6):1023–1028

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norman J (1997) The technique of intraoperative nuclear mapping to facilitate minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. Cancer Control 4(6):500–504

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Norman J, Chheda H (1997) Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy facilitated by intraoperative nuclear mapping. Surgery 122(6):998–1003

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nussbaum SR, Zahradnik RJ, Lavigne JR et al (1987) Highly sensitive two-site immunoradiometric assay of parathyrin, and its clinical utility in evaluating patients with hypercalcemia. Clin Chem 33(8):1364–1367

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singleton AO, Allums J (1970) Identification of parathyroid glands by toluidine blue staining. Arch Surg 100(4):372–375

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sofferman RА, Rendolph GV (2003) Intraoperative detection of PTH during parathyroidectomy, vol 2. Lectures. Materals of the XI (XIII) Russian symposium on endocrine surgery, St. Petersburg, pp 102–120

    Google Scholar 

  • Tcherenko МP (1984) Lesions and diseases of the neck. Zdorovje, Kiev (Book in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yeager RM, Krementz ET (1969) Toluidine blue in identification of parathyroid glands at operation. Ann Surg 169(6):829–838

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kalinin, A.P., Pavlov, A.V., Alexandrov, Y.K., Kotova, I.V., Patrunov, Y.N., Pamputis, S.N. (2013). Intraoperative Imaging of the Parathyroid Glands. In: The Parathyroid Glands. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30873-4_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30873-4_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-30872-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-30873-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics