Abstract
In this paper we consider anonymity in the context of Broadcast Encryption (BE). This issue has received very little attention so far and all but one of the currently available BE schemes fail to provide anonymity. Yet, we argue that it is intrinsically desirable to provide anonymity in standard applications of BE and that it can be achieved at a moderate cost. We provide a security definition for Anonymous Broadcast Encryption (ANOBE) and show that it is achievable assuming only the existence of IND-CCA secure public key encryption (PKE). Focusing on reducing the size of ciphertexts, we then give two generic constructions for ANOBE. The first is from any anonymous (key-private) IND-CCA secure PKE scheme, and the second is from any IBE scheme that satisfies a weak security notion in the multi-TA setting. Furthermore, we show how randomness re-use techniques can be deployed in the ANOBE context to reduce computational and communication costs, and how a new cryptographic primitive – anonymous hint systems – can be used to speed up the decryption process in our ANOBE constructions. All of our results are in the standard model, achieving fully collusion-resistant ANOBE schemes secure against adaptive IND-CCA adversaries.
Chapter PDF
References
Abdalla, M., Bellare, M., Catalano, D., Kiltz, E., Kohno, T., Lange, T., Malone-Lee, J., Neven, G., Paillier, P., Shi, H.: Searchable encryption revisited: Consistency properties, relation to anonymous IBE, and extensions. J. Cryptology 21(3), 350–391 (2008)
Abdalla, M., Bellare, M., Neven, G.: Robust Encryption. In: Micciancio, D. (ed.) TCC 2010. LNCS, vol. 5978, pp. 480–497. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Abe, M., Gennaro, R., Kurosawa, K., Shoup, V.: Tag-KEM/DEM: A New Framework for Hybrid Encryption and A New Analysis of Kurosawa-Desmedt KEM. In: Cramer, R. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2005. LNCS, vol. 3494, pp. 128–146. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Barbosa, M., Farshim, P.: Randomness Reuse: Extensions and Improvements. In: Galbraith, S.D. (ed.) Cryptography and Coding 2007. LNCS, vol. 4887, pp. 257–276. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Barth, A., Boneh, D., Waters, B.: Privacy in Encrypted Content Distribution Using Private Broadcast Encryption. In: Di Crescenzo, G., Rubin, A. (eds.) FC 2006. LNCS, vol. 4107, pp. 52–64. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Bellare, M., Boldyreva, A., Desai, A., Pointcheval, D.: Key-Privacy in Public-Key Encryption. In: Boyd, C. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2001. LNCS, vol. 2248, pp. 566–582. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Bellare, M., Boldyreva, A., Kurosawa, K., Staddon, J.: Multirecipient encryption schemes: How to save on bandwidth and computation without sacrificing security. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory 53(11), 3927–3943 (2007)
Bellare, M., Boldyreva, A., Staddon, J.: Randomness Re-use in Multi-recipient Encryption Schemeas. In: Desmedt, Y.G. (ed.) PKC 2003. LNCS, vol. 2567, pp. 85–99. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Boneh, D., Gentry, C., Waters, B.: Collusion Resistant Broadcast Encryption with Short Ciphertexts and Private Keys. In: Shoup, V. (ed.) CRYPTO 2005. LNCS, vol. 3621, pp. 258–275. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Boneh, D., Hamburg, M.: Generalized Identity Based and Broadcast Encryption Schemes. In: Pieprzyk, J. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2008. LNCS, vol. 5350, pp. 455–470. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Boneh, D., Sahai, A., Waters, B.: Fully Collusion Resistant Traitor Tracing with Short Ciphertexts and Private Keys. In: Vaudenay, S. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2006. LNCS, vol. 4004, pp. 573–592. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Boyen, X., Waters, B.: Anonymous Hierarchical Identity-Based Encryption (Without Random Oracles). In: Dwork, C. (ed.) CRYPTO 2006. LNCS, vol. 4117, pp. 290–307. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Canetti, R., Halevi, S., Katz, J.: Chosen-Ciphertext Security from Identity-Based Encryption. In: Cachin, C., Camenisch, J.L. (eds.) EUROCRYPT 2004. LNCS, vol. 3027, pp. 207–222. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Cash, D., Kiltz, E., Shoup, V.: The Twin Diffie-Hellman Problem and Applications. In: Smart, N.P. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2008. LNCS, vol. 4965, pp. 127–145. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Chaum, D.: Security without identification: Transaction systems to make Big Brother obsolete. Commun. ACM 1985 28(10), 1030–1044 (1985)
Chaum, D., van Heyst, E.: Group Signatures. In: Davies, D.W. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 1991. LNCS, vol. 547, pp. 257–265. Springer, Heidelberg (1991)
Delerablée, C.: Identity-Based Broadcast Encryption with Constant Size Ciphertexts and Private Keys. In: Kurosawa, K. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2007. LNCS, vol. 4833, pp. 200–215. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Delerablée, C., Paillier, P., Pointcheval, D.: Fully Collusion Secure Dynamic Broadcast Encryption with Constant-Size Ciphertexts or Decryption Keys. In: Takagi, T., Okamoto, T., Okamoto, E., Okamoto, T. (eds.) Pairing 2007. LNCS, vol. 4575, pp. 39–59. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Dodis, Y., Fazio, N.: Public Key Broadcast Encryption for Stateless Receivers. In: Feigenbaum, J. (ed.) DRM 2002. LNCS, vol. 2696, pp. 61–80. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Dodis, Y., Katz, J.: Chosen-Ciphertext Security of Multiple Encryption. In: Kilian, J. (ed.) TCC 2005. LNCS, vol. 3378, pp. 188–209. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Fazio, N., Perera, I.M.: Outsider-Anonymous Broadcast Encryption with Sublinear Ciphertexts. In: Fischlin, M., Buchmann, J., Manulis, M. (eds.) PKC 2012. LNCS, vol. 7293, pp. 225–242. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)
Fiat, A., Naor, M.: Broadcast Encryption. In: Stinson, D.R. (ed.) CRYPTO 1993. LNCS, vol. 773, pp. 480–491. Springer, Heidelberg (1994)
Gentry, C.: Practical Identity-Based Encryption Without Random Oracles. In: Vaudenay, S. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2006. LNCS, vol. 4004, pp. 445–464. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Gentry, C., Waters, B.: Adaptive Security in Broadcast Encryption Systems (with Short Ciphertexts). In: Joux, A. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2009. LNCS, vol. 5479, pp. 171–188. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Groth, J.: Efficient Maximal Privacy in Boardroom Voting and Anonymous Broadcast. In: Juels, A. (ed.) FC 2004. LNCS, vol. 3110, pp. 90–104. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Katz, J., Sahai, A., Waters, B.: Predicate Encryption Supporting Disjunctions, Polynomial Equations, and Inner Products. In: Smart, N.P. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2008. LNCS, vol. 4965, pp. 146–162. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Kiltz, E.: Chosen-Ciphertext Security from Tag-Based Encryption. In: Halevi, S., Rabin, T. (eds.) TCC 2006. LNCS, vol. 3876, pp. 581–600. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Kurosawa, K.: Multi-recipient Public-Key Encryption with Shortened Ciphertext. In: Naccache, D., Paillier, P. (eds.) PKC 2002. LNCS, vol. 2274, pp. 48–63. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Kurosawa, K., Desmedt, Y.: A New Paradigm of Hybrid Encryption Scheme. In: Franklin, M. (ed.) CRYPTO 2004. LNCS, vol. 3152, pp. 426–442. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Libert, B., Paterson, K.G., Quaglia, E.A.: Anonymous Broadcast Encryption: Adaptive Security and Efficient Constructions in the Standard Model. Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2011/476
Mohassel, P.: A Closer Look at Anonymity and Robustness in Encryption Schemes. In: Abe, M. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2010. LNCS, vol. 6477, pp. 501–518. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Naor, D., Naor, M., Lotspiech, J.: Revocation and Tracing Schemes for Stateless Receivers. In: Kilian, J. (ed.) CRYPTO 2001. LNCS, vol. 2139, pp. 41–62. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Okamoto, T., Pointcheval, D.: The Gap-Problems: A New Class of Problems for the Security of Cryptographic Schemes. In: Kim, K.-C. (ed.) PKC 2001. LNCS, vol. 1992, pp. 104–118. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Paterson, K.G., Srinivasan, S.: Security and Anonymity of Identity-Based Encryption with Multiple Trusted Authorities. In: Galbraith, S.D., Paterson, K.G. (eds.) Pairing 2008. LNCS, vol. 5209, pp. 354–375. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Paterson, K.G., Srinivasan, S.: Building Key-Private Public-Key Encryption Schemes. In: Boyd, C., González Nieto, J. (eds.) ACISP 2009. LNCS, vol. 5594, pp. 276–292. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Phan, D.-H., Pointcheval, D., Strefler, M.: Security Notions for Broadcast Encryption. In: Lopez, J., Tsudik, G. (eds.) ACNS 2011. LNCS, vol. 6715, pp. 377–394. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Shoup, V.: A proposal for an ISO standard for public key encryption (version 2.1) (2001) (manuscript)
Wee, H.: Efficient Chosen-Ciphertext Security via Extractable Hash Proofs. In: Rabin, T. (ed.) CRYPTO 2010. LNCS, vol. 6223, pp. 314–332. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Yao, D., Fazio, N., Dodis, Y., Lysyanskaya, A.: ID-based encryption for complex hierarchies with applications to forward security and broadcast encryption. In: ACM-CCS 2004, pp. 354–363. ACM (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 International Association for Cryptologic Research
About this paper
Cite this paper
Libert, B., Paterson, K.G., Quaglia, E.A. (2012). Anonymous Broadcast Encryption: Adaptive Security and Efficient Constructions in the Standard Model. In: Fischlin, M., Buchmann, J., Manulis, M. (eds) Public Key Cryptography – PKC 2012. PKC 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7293. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30057-8_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30057-8_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-30056-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-30057-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)