Abstract
The present paper describes the activities and results achieved in the development of a modelling system for operational response to accidental releases of harmful gases in the atmosphere. The main envisaged functions of the system are:
-
1
Perform highly accurate and reliable risk analysis and assessment for selected “hot spots”;
-
2
Provide the national authorities and the international community with operational short-term local-to regional scale forecast of the propagation of harmful gases;
-
3
Perform, in an off–line mode, a more detailed and comprehensive analysis of the possible longer-term impacts on the environment and human health.
The system is based on the following models: WRF, used as meteorological pre-processor; SMOKE - the emission pre-processor; CMAQ - the Chemical Transport Model (CTM) of the system.
For the needs of the emergency response preparedness mode the risk is defined as probability the national regulatory threshold values for toxic gases to be exceeded. Maps of the risk around potential sources of emergency toxic gas releases are constructed and demonstrated in the current paper.
Some examples of the system “operational mode” results are demonstrated as well.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Atanassov, E., Gurov, T., Karaivanova, A.: Computational Grid: structure and Applications. Journal Avtomatica i Informatica (in Bulgarian), 40–43 (September 2006) ISSN 0861-7562
Byun, D., Young, J., Gipson, G., Godowitch, J., Binkowski, F.S., Roselle, S., Benjey, B., Pleim, J., Ching, J., Novak, J., Coats, C., Odman, T., Hanna, A., Alapaty, K., Mathur, R., McHenry, J., Shankar, U., Fine, S., Xiu, A., Jang, C.: Description of the Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System. In: 10th Joint Conference on the Applications of Air Pollution Meteorology with the A&WMA, Phoenix, Arizona, January 11-16, pp. 264–268 (1998)
Byun, D., Ching, J.: Science Algorithms of the EPA Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System. EPA Report 600/R-99/030, Washington DC (1999)
Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emission (SMOKE) Modeling System, University of Carolina, Carolina Environmental Programs, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
Foster, J., Kesselmann, C.: The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure. Morgan Kaufmann (1998)
Ganev, K., Syrakov, D., Prodanova, M., Miloshev, N., Jordanov, G., Gadjev, G., Todorova, A.: Atmospheric composition modeling for the Balkan region. In: SEE-GRID-SCI USER FORUM 2009, Istanbul, 9-10, pp. 77–87 (December 2009) ISBN:978-975-403-510-0
Melas, D., Zerefos, C., Rapsomanikis, S., Tsangas, N., Alexandropoulou, A.: The war in Kosovo: Evidence of pollution transport in the Balkans during operation ’Allied Force’. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 7(2), 97–104 (2000)
Rappenglük, B., Melas, D., Fabian, P.: Evidence of the impact of urban plumes on remote sites in the Eastern Mediterranean. Atmospheric Environment 37(13), 1853–1864 (2003)
Symeonidis, P., Poupkou, A., Gkantou, A., Melas, D., Devrim Yay, O., Pouspourika, E., Balis, D.: Development of a computational system for estimating biogenic NMVOCs emissions based on GIS technology. Atmospheric Environment 42(8), 1777–1789 (2008)
Shamarock, et al.: A description of the Advanced Research WRF Version 2 (2007), http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/arw_v2.pdf
Schwede, D., Pouliot, G., Pierce, T.: Changes to the Biogenic Emissions Invenory System Version 3 (BEIS3). In: Proc. of 4th Annual CMAS Models-3 Users’s Conference, September 26-28, Chapel Hill, NC (2005)
Tanaka, P.L., Allen, D.T., McDonald-Buller, E.C., Chang, S., Kimura, Y., Yarwood, G., Neece, J.D.: Development of a chlorine mechanism for use in the carbon bond IV chemistry model. Journal of Geophysical Research 108, 41–45 (2003)
Todorova, A., Ganev, K., Syrakov, D., Prodanova, M., Georgiev, G., Miloshev, N., Gadjhev, G.: Bulgarian emergency response system for release of hazardous pollutants — design and first tests. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes, Paris, France, June 1-4, pp. 495–499 (2010) ISBN: 2-8681-5062-4
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Brandiyska, A., Ganev, K., Syrakov, D., Prodanova, M., Miloshev, N. (2012). Modeling of Toxic Substances in the Atmosphere – Risk Analysis and Emergency Forecast. In: Lirkov, I., Margenov, S., Waśniewski, J. (eds) Large-Scale Scientific Computing. LSSC 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7116. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29843-1_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29843-1_30
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-29842-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-29843-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)