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Frühgeborene

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Ernährungsmedizin Pädiatrie

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Zusammenfassung

Die physiologische Ernährung von Reifgeborenen wurde in ▶ Kap. 13 beschrieben. Auch und gerade für Frühgeborene ist Muttermilch wegen ihrer supranutritiven Effekte (z. B. Infektionsprophylaxe) die bevorzugte Nahrung. Wegen des u. a. höheren Nährstoffbedarfs von Frühgeborenen sollte die Mutter- bzw. Frauenmilch mit Nährstoffen angereichert werden. Steht keine Frauenmilch zur Verfügung, sollte z.B. bei sehr unreifen Frühgeborenen Frühgeborenenspezialformula mit einer höheren Energiedichte verwendet werden. Für die Aminosäure- und Kohlenhydratanreicherung der Frauenmilch stehen spezielle industriell gefertigte Supplemente zur Verfügung (▶ Kap. 19). Hydrolisatnahrungen können im Vergleich zu Nahrungen mit unmodifiziertem Kuhmilchprotein eine mögliche Sensibilisierung reduzieren oder verhindern. Zusätzlich hat sich die enterale Supplementation mit Multivitaminpräparaten, Eisen, Kalzium/Phosphat bei Frühgeborenen unabhängig von Frauenmilch- oder Formulaernährung bewährt.

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  1. Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Evangelisches Spandau Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstraße 555, 13589, Berlin, Deutschland

    PD Dr. F. Jochum

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  1. PD Dr. F. Jochum
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  2. A. Nomayo
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  1. Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der, Charit, Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ev. Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, Berlin, 13589, Germany

    Frank Jochum

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Jochum, F., Nomayo, A. (2013). Frühgeborene. In: Jochum, F. (eds) Ernährungsmedizin Pädiatrie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29817-2_20

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