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Bariatrische Chirurgie bei morbider Adipositas

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Kinderchirurgie
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Zusammenfassung

Die Epidemie der Adipositas hat längst auch Kinder und Jugendliche erreicht und wird damit zu einem ernsthaften medizinischen und gesundheitsökonomischen Problem unserer Gesellschaft. Denn wie bei Erwachsenen kann das übermäßige Fettgewebe zu schwerwiegenden metabolischen und kardiovaskulären Begleiterkrankungen führen. Problematisch ist vor allem die Zunahme der Kinder und Jugendlichen mit extremer bzw. morbider (= mit Begleiterkrankungen assoziierter) Adipositas. Als Therapie der ersten Wahl gelten zweifelsfrei konservative Behandlungen (Lebensstilinterventionen), die multimodal und strukturiert durchgeführt werden müssen. Dennoch erzielen diese nur in Einzelfällen einen nachhaltigen Erfolg. Dann (und nur dann) stellt die bariatrische Chirurgie (von griechisch βαρος: Schwere, Gewicht) eine Therapieoption dar. Die Indikationsstellung zur bariatrischen Chirurgie im Jugendalter folgt dabei sehr strengen Kriterien. Da die Eingriffe immer als Hochrisikooperationen zu bewerten sind, sollten diese Patienten ausschließlich durch ein erfahrenes Team an einem spezialisierten Adipositaszentrum versorgt werden. Die Operationstechniken sind im Wesentlichen aus der bariatrischen Chirurgie von Erwachsenen übernommen. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit diskutiert die aktuellen Leitlinien zur bariatrischen Chirurgie im Kindes- und Jugendalter sowie wichtige Studien über Kinder und Jugendliche.

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Till, H., Blüher, S. (2013). Bariatrische Chirurgie bei morbider Adipositas. In: von Schweinitz, D., Ure, B. (eds) Kinderchirurgie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29779-3_35

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29779-3_35

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