Skip to main content

Reasoning about the Intentions of Agents

  • Chapter
Logic Programs, Norms and Action

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 7360))

Abstract

In this paper we further develop the formal theory of intentions suggested by C. Baral and M. Gelfond in 2005. In this work the authors formalized the behavior of an agent intending to execute a sequence of actions. The resulting axioms for intentions written in Knowledge Representation language Answer Set Prolog allowed to easily express such properties of intentions as persistence and non-procrastination. This paper expands this work to allow reasoning with intentions in the presence of unexpected observations, and intentions to achieve goals. The theory is formulated in the extension of Answer Set Prolog, called CR-Prolog.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Balduccini, M., Gelfond, M.: The aaa architecture: An overview. In: AAAI Spring Symposium on Architecture of Intelligent Theory-Based Agents (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Balduccini, M.: CR-MODELS: An Inference Engine for CR-Prolog. In: Baral, C., Brewka, G., Schlipf, J. (eds.) LPNMR 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4483, pp. 18–30. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Balduccini, M., Gelfond, M.: Diagnostic reasoning with A-Prolog. Journal of Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP) 3(4-5), 425–461 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Balduccini, M., Gelfond, M.: Logic Programs with Consistency-Restoring Rules. In: Doherty, P., McCarthy, J., Williams, M.-A. (eds.) International Symposium on Logical Formalization of Commonsense Reasoning. AAAI 2003 Spring Symposium Series, pp. 9–18 (March 2003)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Baral, C.: Knowledge Representation, Reasoning, and Declarative Problem Solving. Cambridge University Press (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Baral, C., Gelfond, M.: Reasoning Agents in Dynamic Domains. In: Workshop on Logic-Based Artificial Intelligence. Kluwer Academic Publishers (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Baral, C., Gelfond, M.: Reasoning about Intended Actions. In: Proceedings of AAAI 2005, pp. 689–694 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Baral, C., Gelfond, M., Rushton, N.: Probabilistic reasoning with answer sets. Journal of Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP) 9(1), 57–144 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Cohen, Levesque: Intention is choice with commitment. Artificial Intelligence 42, 213–261 (1990)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Gabaldon, A.: Activity recognition with intended actions. In: IJCAI, pp. 1696–1701 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Gebser, M., Kaminski, R., Kaufmann, B., Ostrowski, M., Schaub, T., Schneider, M.: Potassco: The Potsdam answer set solving collection. Aicom 24(2), 105–124 (2011)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  12. Gelfond, M., Inclezan, D.: Yet Another Modular Action Language. In: Proceedings of SEA 2009, pp. 64–78. University of Bath Opus: Online Publications Store (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gelfond, M., Lifschitz, V.: Classical Negation in Logic Programs and Disjunctive Databases. New Generation Computing 9, 365–385 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Gelfond, M., Lifschitz, V.: Action Languages. Electronic Transactions on AI 3 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Gelfond, M., Rushton, N.: Causal and probabilistic reasoning in p-log. In: Dechter, R., Gener, H., Halpern, J. (eds.) Heuristics, Probabilities and Causality. A tribute to Judea Pearl, pp. 337–359. College Publications (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Inclezan, D.: Computing Trajectories of Dynamic Systems Using ASP and Flora-2. Paper presented at NonMon@30: Thirty Years of Nonmonotonic Reasoning Conference, Lexington, Kentucky, October 22-25 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kakas, A., Mancarella, P., Sadri, F., Stathis, K., Toni, F.: Computational logic foundations of kgp agents. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 285–348 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kowalski, R., Sergot, M.: A logic-based calculus of events. New Generation Computing 4, 67–95 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Leone, N., Pfeifer, G., Faber, W., Calimeri, F., Dell’Armi, T., Eiter, T., Gottlob, G., Ianni, G., Ielpa, G., Koch, C., Perri, S., Polleres, A.: The DLV System. In: Flesca, S., Greco, S., Leone, N., Ianni, G. (eds.) JELIA 2002. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2424, pp. 537–540. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Marek, V.W., Truszczynski, M.: Stable models and an alternative logic programming paradigm. In: The Logic Programming Paradigm: a 25-Year Perspective, pp. 375–398. Springer, Berlin (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  21. McCarthy, J., Hayes, P.: Some Philosophical Problems from the Standpoint of Artificial Intelligence. In: Machine Intelligence, pp. 463–502. Edinburgh University Press (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Niemela, I., Simons, P.: Extending the Smodels System with Cardinality and Weight Constraints. In: Logics in Artificial Intelligence. Kluwer Academic Publishers (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Niemela, I.: Logic Programs with Stable Model Semantics as a Constraint Programming Paradigm. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Aspects of Nonmonotonic Reasoning, pp. 72–79 (June 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Parra, P.P., Nayak, A.C., Demolombe, R.: Theories of Intentions in the Framework of Situation Calculus. In: Leite, J., Omicini, A., Torroni, P., Yolum, p. (eds.) DALT 2004. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 3476, pp. 19–34. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  25. Rao, A.S.: AgentSpeak(L): BDI Agents Speak out in a Logical Computable Language. In: Perram, J., Van de Velde, W. (eds.) MAAMAW 1996. LNCS, vol. 1038, pp. 42–55. Springer, Heidelberg (1996)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  26. Reiter, R.: On Closed World Data Bases. In: Logic and Data Bases, pp. 119–140. Plenum Press (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Reiter, R.: Knowledge in Action – Logical Foundations for Specifying and Implementing Dynamical Systems. MIT Press (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Wooldridge, M.: Reasoning About Rational Agents. The MIT Press (2000)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Blount, J., Gelfond, M. (2012). Reasoning about the Intentions of Agents. In: Artikis, A., Craven, R., Kesim Çiçekli, N., Sadighi, B., Stathis, K. (eds) Logic Programs, Norms and Action. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 7360. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29414-3_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29414-3_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-29413-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-29414-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics