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Advanced Transgenic Approaches to Understand Alcohol-Related Phenotypes in Animals

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Behavioral Neurobiology of Alcohol Addiction

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences ((CTBN,volume 13))

Abstract

During the past two decades, the use of genetically manipulated animal models in alcohol research has greatly improved the understanding of the mechanisms underlying alcohol addiction. In this chapter, we present an overview of the progress made in this field by summarizing findings obtained from studies of mice harboring global and conditional mutations in genes that influence alcohol-related phenotypes. The first part reviews behavioral paradigms for modeling the different phases of the alcohol addiction cycle and other alocohol-induced behavioral phenotypes in mice. The second part reviews the current data available using genetic models targeting the main neurotransmitter and neuropeptide systems involved in the reinforcement and stress pathways, focusing on the phenotypes modeling the alcohol addiction cycle. Finally, the third part will discuss the current findings and future directions, and proposes advanced transgenic mouse models for their potential use in alcohol research.

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Abbreviations

2AG:

2-arachidonoyl glycerol

5HT:

Serotonin

5HTT:

Serotonin transporter

ADE:

Alcohol deprivation effect

ACTH:

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

AEA:

Anandamide

CNS:

Central nervous system

CORT:

Cosrticosterone

CRF:

Corticotropin releasing factor

CTA:

Conditioned taste aversion

CPP:

Conditioned place preference

DAGL:

Diacylglycerol lipase

DAT:

Dopamine transporter

DID:

Drinking in the dark

ECS:

Endocannabinoid system

FAAH:

Fatty acid amide hidrolase

GP:

Globus pallidus

HIC:

Handling-induced convulsions

HPA:

Hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis

KD:

Knock-down

KI:

Knock-in

KO:

Knock-out

LORR:

Loss of righting reflex

MAGL:

Monoacyl glycerol lipase

Sert:

Serotonin

THC:

Delta (9)Tetrahydrocannabinol

Transg + :

Transgene overexpression

VTA:

Ventral Tegmental Area

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  1. Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, ZI J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany

    Ainhoa Bilbao

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  1. Abt. Psychopharmakologie, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, J 5, Mannheim, 68159, Germany

    Wolfgang H. Sommer

  2. Abt. Psychopharmakologie, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, J 5, Mannheim, 68159, Germany

    Rainer Spanagel

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Bilbao, A. (2012). Advanced Transgenic Approaches to Understand Alcohol-Related Phenotypes in Animals. In: Sommer, W., Spanagel, R. (eds) Behavioral Neurobiology of Alcohol Addiction. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, vol 13. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28720-6_204

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