Skip to main content

An Efficient Robust Watermarking Method Integrated in H.264/SVC

  • Conference paper
Transactions on Data Hiding and Multimedia Security VII

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((TDHMS,volume 7110))

Abstract

In this article we investigate robust watermarking integrated with H.264/SVC video coding and address coarse-grain quality and spatial resolution scalability features according to Annex G of the H.264 standard. We show that watermark embedding in the base layer of the video is insufficient to protect the decoded video content when enhancements layers are employed. The problem is mitigated by a propagation technique of the base layer watermark signal when encoding the enhancement layer. In case of spatial resolution scalability, the base layer watermark signal is upsampled to match the resolution of the enhancement layer data.

We demonstrate blind watermark detection in the full- and low-resolution decoded video for the same adapted H.264/SVC bitstream for copyright protection applications and, surprisingly, can report bit rate savings when extending the base layer watermark to the enhancement layer. Further, we consider watermark detection integrated in the H.264/SVC decoder operating on the partially decoded residual data for copy control or authentication applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Altunbasak, Y., Kamaci, N.: An analysis of the DCT coefficient distribution with the H.264 video coder. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2004, vol. 3, pp. 177–180. IEEE, Montreal (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  2. van Caenegem, R., Dooms, A., Barbarien, J., Schelkens, P.: Design of an H.264/SVC resilient watermarking scheme. In: Proceedings of SPIE, Multimedia on Mobile Devices 2010, vol. 7542. SPIE, San Jose (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gong, X., Lu, H.M.: Towards fast and robust watermarking scheme for H.264 video. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia, ISM 2008, pp. 649–653. IEEE, Berkeley (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Hartung, F., Girod, B.: Watermarking of uncompressed and compressed video. Signal Processing 66(3), 283–301 (1998)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Kay, S.M.: Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing: Detection Theory, vol. 2. Prentice-Hall (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kim, D.W., Choi, Y.G., Kim, H.S., Yoo, J.S., Choi, H.J., Seo, Y.H.: The problems in digital watermarking into intra-frames of H.264/AVC. Image and Vision Computing 28(8), 1220–1228 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kwitt, R., Meerwald, P., Uhl, A.: A lightweight Rao-Cauchy detector for additive watermarking in the DWT-domain. In: Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia and Security Workshop (MMSEC 2008), pp. 33–41. ACM, Oxford (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Li, Z., Sun, Q., Lian, Y.: Design and analysis of a scalable watermarking scheme for the scalable audio coder. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 54(8), 3064–3077 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Lin, S., Chuang, C.Y., Meng, H.C.: A video watermarking in H.265/AVC encoder. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IIH-MSP 2009, Kyoto, Japan, pp. 340–343 (September 2009)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Meerwald, P., Uhl, A.: Robust Watermarking of H.264/SVC-Encoded Video: Quality and Resolution Scalability. In: Kim, H.-J., Shi, Y.Q., Barni, M. (eds.) IWDW 2010. LNCS, vol. 6526, pp. 159–169. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Noorkami, M., Mersereau, R.M.: A framework for robust watermarking of H.264 encoded video with controllable detection performance. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2(1), 14–23 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Noorkami, M., Mersereau, R.M.: Digital video watermarking in P-frames with controlled video bit-rate increase. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 3(3), 441–455 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Park, S.W., Shin, S.U.: Combined Scheme of Encryption and Watermarking in H.264/Scalable Video Coding (SVC). In: Tsihrintzis, G.A., et al. (eds.) New Direct. in Intel. Interac. Multimedia. SCI, vol. 142, pp. 351–361. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Park, S.W., Shin, S.U.: Authentication and copyright protection scheme for H.264/AVC and SVC. Journal of Information Science and Engineering 27, 129–142 (2011)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Qiu, G., Marziliano, P., Ho, A.T.S., He, D., Sun, Q.: A hybrid watermarking scheme for H.264/AVC video. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2004, pp. 865–868. IEEE, Cambridge (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Schwarz, H., Wien, M.: The scalable video coding extension of the H.264/AVC standard. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 25(2), 135–141 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Segall, C.A., Sullivan, G.J.: Spatial scalability within the H.264/AVC scalable video coding extension. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 17(9), 1121–1135 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Shahid, Z., Meuel, P., Chaumont, M., Puech, W.: Considering the reconstruction loop for watermarking of intra and inter frames of H.264/AVC. In: Proceedings of the 17th European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2009, pp. 1794–1798. EURASIP, Glasgow (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Shi, F., Liu, S., Yao, H., Liu, Y., Zhang, S.: Scalable and Credible Video Watermarking Towards Scalable Video Coding. In: Qiu, G., Lam, K.M., Kiya, H., Xue, X.-Y., Kuo, C.-C.J., Lew, M.S. (eds.) PCM 2010, Part I. LNCS, vol. 6297, pp. 697–708. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Tsihrintzis, G., Nikias, C.: Fast estimation of the parameters of alpha–stable impulsive interference. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 44(6), 1492–1503 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Watson, A.B.: DCT quantization matrices visually optimized for individual images. In: Proceedings of SPIE, International Conference on Human Vision, Visual Processing and Display, pp. 202–216. SPIE, San Jose (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Zhang, J., Ho, A.T.S., Qiu, G., Marziliano, P.: Robust video watermarking of H.264/AVC. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems 54(2), 205–209 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Zou, D., Bloom, J.: H.264 stream replacement watermarking with CABAC encoding. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2010, Singapore (July 2010)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Zou, D., Bloom, J.: H.264/AVC substitution watermarking: a CAVLC example. In: Proceedings of the SPIE, Media Forensics and Security, vol. 7254. SPIE, San Jose (2009)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Meerwald, P., Uhl, A. (2012). An Efficient Robust Watermarking Method Integrated in H.264/SVC. In: Shi, Y.Q. (eds) Transactions on Data Hiding and Multimedia Security VII. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7110. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28693-3_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28693-3_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-28692-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-28693-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics