Skip to main content

Thoracic Imaging

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Imaging for Pediatricians

Part of the book series: Imaging for Clinicians ((IMAGCLIN,volume 1))

  • 1511 Accesses

Abstract

A 5-year-old boy who, 1 year prior to admission, had suffered adenovirus-induced pneumonia (Fig. 2.1). Since then, he has experienced frequent episodes of cough. Physical examination on admission revealed decreased breath sounds and some crackles in the left hemithorax. Inspiratory and expiratory AP chest X-rays and lung CT were obtained.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Further Reading

Case 1: Postinfectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans

  • Book

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucaya J, Le Pointe HD (2008) High-resolution CT of the lung in children. In: Lucaya J, Strife JL (eds) Pediatric chest imaging. Chest imaging in infants and children, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 103–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Web Link

    Google Scholar 

  • Wikipedia contributors (2006). Bronchiolitis obliterans [Internet]. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia; Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchiolitis_obliterans

  • Articles

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang AB, Masel JP, Masters B (1998) Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans: clinical, radiological and pulmonary function sequelae. Pediatr Radiol 28:23–29

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colom AJ, Teper AM, Vollmer WM, Diette GB (2006) Risk factors for the development of bronchiolitis obliterans in children with bronchiolitis. Thorax 61:503–506

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dillman JR, Sanchez R, Ladino-Torres MF, Yarram SG, Strouse PJ, Lucaya J (2011) Expanding upon the unilateral hyperlucent hemithorax in children. Radiographics 31:723–741

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Franquet T (2011) Imaging of pulmonary viral pneumonia. Radiology 260:18–39

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim CK, Kim SW, Kim JS et al (2001) Bronchiolitis obliterans in the 1990s in Korea and the United States. Chest 120:1101–1106

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lucaya J, Gartner S, García-Peña P, Cobos N, Roca I, Liñan S (1998) Spectrum of manifestations of Swyer-James-MacLeod syndrome. J Comput Assist Tomogr 22: 592–597

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacLeod WM (1954) Abnormal transradiancy of one lung. Thorax 9:147–153

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murtagh P, Giubergia V, Viale D, Bauer G, Pena HG (2009) Lower respiratory infections by adenovirus in children. Clinical features and risk factors for bronchiolitis obliterans and mortality. Pediatr Pulmonol 44:450–456

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith KJ, Fan LL (2006) Insights into post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans in children. Thorax 61:462–463

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swyer PR, James GCW (1953) A case of unilateral pulmonary emphysema. Thorax 8:133–136

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Case 2: Thoracic Rib Invasion from Actinomycosis

Case 3: Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis

  • Book

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrés Martín A, Valverde Molina J (2010) Manual de Neumología Pediátrica. Sociedad Española de Neumología Pediátrica (SENP), 1st ed. Ed Médica Panamericana

    Google Scholar 

  • Web Link

    Google Scholar 

  • www.separ.es

  • Articles

    Google Scholar 

  • Bilton D (2008) Update on non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Curr Opin Pulm Med 14:595–599

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Douros K, Alexopoulou E, Nicopoulou A, Anthracopoulos MB, Fretzayas A, Yiallouros P et al (2011) Bronchoscopic and high-resolution CT scan findings in children with chronic wet cough. Chest 140:317–323

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eastham KM, Fall AJ, Mitchell L, Spencer DA (2004) The need to redefine non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in childhood. Thorax 59:324–327

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Javidan-Nejad C, Sanjeev Bhalla S (2009) Bronchiectasis. Radiol Clin North Am 47:289–306

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kapur N, Masters IB, Chang AB (2009) Exacerbations in noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: clinical features and investigations. Respir Med 103:1681–1687

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • King P (2011) Pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. Paediatr Respir Rev 12:104–110

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oili GC, Khong PL, Chan-Leung M, Ho JCM, Lee JCK, Lam WK et al (2002) Resolution CT quantification of bronchiectasis: clinical and functional correlation. Radiology 3:663–672

    Google Scholar 

  • Redding GJ (2009) Bronchiectasis in children. Pediatr Clin North Am 56:157–171

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stafler P, Carr S (2010) Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: its diagnosis and management. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 95:73–82

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vendrell M, de Gracia J, Olveira Cl, Martínez MA, Girón R, de Máiz L et al (2008) Diagnóstico y tratamiento de las bronquiectasias. Arch Bronconeumol 44: 629–640

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Case 4: Congenital Unilateral Pulmonary Vein Atresia

  • Book

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen HD, Driscoll DJ, Shaddy RE, Feltes TF (2008) Moss and Adams’ heart disease in infants, children, and adolescents: including the fetus and young adult, 7th edn. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Web Link

    Google Scholar 

  • http://www.mendeley.com/research/congenital-unilateral-pulmonary-vein-atresia-radiologic-findings-three-adult-patients/

  • Articles

    Google Scholar 

  • Artero Muñoz I, Serrano Puche F, Padín Martín MI, Serrano Ramos F (2008) Atresia congénita unilateral de las venas pulmonares: hallazgos radiológicos. Radiologia 50:82–85

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cabrera A, Alcibar J (2002) Atresia bilateral de venas pulmonares. Rev Esp Cardiol 55:671–672

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heyneman LE, Nolan RL, Harrison JK, McAdams HP (2001) Congenital unilateral pulmonary vein atresia: radiologic findings in three adult patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 177:681–685

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsing-Yuan L, Betau H, Pi-Chang L (2008) Congenital atresia of unilateral pulmonary veins associated with a single ventricle. A rare case report and literature review. Circ J 72:1544–1546

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim Y, Yoo IR, Ahn MI, Han DH (2011) Asymptomatic adults with isolated, unilateral right pulmonary vein atresia: multidetector CT findings. Br J Radiol 84:e109–e113

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mataciunas M, Gumbiene L, Cibiras S, Tarutis V, Tamosiunas AE (2009) CT Angiography of mildly symptomatic, isolated, unilateral right pulmonary vein atresia. Pediatr Radiol 39:1087–1090

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nam Lee H, Tong Kim Y, Sik S (2011) Individual pulmonary vein atresia in adults: report of two cases. Korean J Radiol 12:395–399

    Google Scholar 

  • Pourmoghadam KK, Moore JW, Khan M, Geary EM, Madan N, Wolfson BJ et al (2003) Congenital unilateral pulmonary venous atresia: definitive diagnosis and treatment. Pediatr Cardiol 24:73–79

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shuhaiber J, Rehman M, Jenkins K, Fynn-Thompson F, Bacha F (2011) The role of surgical therapy for pulmonary vein atresia in childhood. Pediatr Cardiol 32:639–645

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tissot C, Corbelli R, Aggoum Y, Beghetti M, Da Cruz E (2008) Bronchoscopic diagnosis of asymptomatic unilateral pulmonary vein atresia in an infant. Pediatr Cardiol 29:976–979

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Case 5: Late Complications of Congenital Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula

  • Book

    Google Scholar 

  • Cobos N, Pérez Yarza EG (2009) Tratado de Neumología Infantil, 1st edn. Ergon, Madrid

    Google Scholar 

  • Web Link

    Google Scholar 

  • http://www.neumoped.org

  • Articles

    Google Scholar 

  • Castilloux J, Noble AJ, Faure C (2010) Risk factors for short- and long-term morbidity in children with esophageal atresia. J Pediatr 156:755–760

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jadcherla SR, Hogan WJ, Shaker R (2010) Physiology and pathophysiology of glottic reflexes and pulmonary aspiration: from neonates to adults. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 31:554–560

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koivusalo A, Pakarinen MP, Rintala RJ (2007) The cumulative incidence of significant gastrooesophageal reflux in patients with oesophageal atresia with a distal fistula–a systematic clinical, pH-metric, and endoscopic follow-up study. J Pediatr Surg 42:370–374

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kovesi K, Rubin S (2004) Long-term complications of congenital esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula. Chest 126:915–925

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lacher M, Froehlich S, von Schweinitz D, Dietz HG (2010) Early and long term outcome in children with esophageal atresia treated over the last 22 years. Klin Padiatr 222:296–301

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malmström K, Lohi J, Lindahl H, Pelkonen A, Kajosaari M, Sarna S, Malmberg LP, Mäkelä MJ (2008) Longitudinal follow-up of bronchial inflammation, respiratory symptoms, and pulmonary function in adolescents after repair of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula. J Pediatr 153:396–401

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nasr A, Ein SH, Gerstle JT (2005) Infants with repaired esophageal atresia and distal tracheoesophageal fistula with severe respiratory distress: is it tracheomalacia, reflux, or both? J Pediatr Surg 40:901–903

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sistonen SJ, Pakarinen MP, Rintala RJ (2011) Long-term results of esophageal atresia: Helsinki experience and review of literature. Pediatr Surg Int 27:1141–1149

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starosta V, Kitz R, Hartl D, Marcos V, Reinhardt D, Griese M (2007) Bronchoalveolar pepsin, bile acids, oxidation, and inflammation in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Chest 132:1557–1564

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Touloukian RJ, Seashore JH (2004) Thirty-five-year institutional experience with end-to-side repair for esophageal atresia. Arch Surg 139:371–374

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Case 6: Congenital Tracheal Stenosis with Tracheoesophageal Fistula

  • Book

    Google Scholar 

  • Pérez Ruiz E, Martínez León MI, Caro Aguilera P (2009) Anomalías congénitas de las vías aéreas. In: Cobos N, Pérez-Yarza EG (eds) Tratado de Neumología Infantil, 2nd edn. Ergon, Madrid, pp 223–248

    Google Scholar 

  • Web Link

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumoped. The official site of SENP (Sociedad Española de Neumología Pediátrica). http://www.neumoped.org/

  • Articles

    Google Scholar 

  • Antón-Pacheco JL, López M, Moreno C, Bustos G (2011) Congenital tracheal stenosis caused by a new tracheal ring malformation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 14:e39–e40

    Google Scholar 

  • Bercker S, Kornak U, Bührer C, Henrich W, Kerner T (2006) Tracheal atresia as part of an exceptional combination of malformations. Int J Pediatr Otorhino­laryngol 70:1137–1139

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Groot-van der Mooren MD, Haak MC, Lakeman P, Cohen-Overbeek TE, Van der Voorn JP, Bretschneider JH et al (2012) Tracheal agenesis: approach towards this severe diagnosis. Case report and review of the literature. Eur J Pediatr 171(3):425–431. doi:10.1007/s00431-011-1563-x

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchimoto Y, Mori M, Takasato F, Tomita H, Yamamoto Y, Shimojima N et al (2011) A long-term survival case of tracheal agenesis: management for tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal reconstruction. Pediatr Surg Int 27:103–106

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gunlemez A, Anik Y, Elemen L, Tugay M, Gökalp AS (2009) H-type tracheoesophageal fistula in an extremely low birth weight premature neonate: appearance on magnetic resonance imaging. J Perinatol 29:393–395

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heimann K, Bartz C, Naami A, Peschgens T, Merz U, Hörnchen H (2007) Three new cases of congenital agenesis of the trachea. Eur J Pediatr 166:79–82

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krause U, Rödel RM, Paul T (2011) Isolated congenital tracheal stenosis in a preterm newborn. Eur J Pediatr 170:1217–1221

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mong A, Johnson AM, Kramer SS, Coleman BG, Hedrick HL, Kreiger P et al (2008) Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome: MR/US findings, effect on management, and outcome. Pediatr Radiol 38:1171–1179

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phipps LM, Raymond JA, Angeletti TM (2006) Congenital tracheal stenosis. Crit Care Nurse 26:60–69

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Russell HM, Backer CL (2010) Pediatric thoracic problems: patent ductus arteriosus, vascular rings, congenital tracheal stenosis, and pectus deformities. Surg Clin North Am 90:1091–1113

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Case 7: Multidetector CT of the Central Airways in Children: 3D Imaging and Virtual Bonchoscopy

  • Book

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee EY, Siegel MJ (2008) Pediatric airways disorders: large airways. In: Lynch DA, Boiselle PM (eds) CT of the airways. The Humana Press, Totowa, pp 351–380

    Google Scholar 

  • Web Link

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Alessandro DM, D’Alessandro MP. Virtual pediatric hospital. A digital library of pediatric information: http://www.virtualpediatrichospital.org/providers/ElectricAirway/Text/IntroEduObjectives.shtml(1992-2012)

  • Articles

    Google Scholar 

  • Beigelman-Aubry C, Brillet PY, Grenier PA (2009) MDCT of the airways: technique and normal results. Radiol Clin North Am 47:185–201

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berrocal T, Madrid C, Novo S, Gutiérrez J, Arjonilla A, Gómez-León N (2004) Congenital anomalies of the tracheobronchial tree, lung and mediastinum: embryology, radiology, and pathology. Radiographics 24:e17, http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/24/1/e17.full

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boiselle PM, Reynolds KF, Ernst A (2002) Multiplanar and three-dimensional imaging of the central airways with multidetector CT. Am J Roentgenol 179:301–308

    Google Scholar 

  • Choo KS, Lee HD, Ban JE, Sung SC, Chang YH, Kim ChW et al (2006) Evaluation of obstructive airway lesions in complex congenital heart disease using composite volume-rendered images from multislice CT. Pediatr Radiol 36:219–223

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee EY (2008) Advancing CT and MR imaging of the lungs and airways in children: imaging into practice. Pediatr Radiol 38(Suppl 2):S208–S212

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee EY, Siegel MJ, Hildebolt CF, Gutiérrez FR, Bhalla S, Fallah JH (2004) MDCT evaluation of thoracic aortic anomalies in pediatric patients and young adults: comparison of axial, multiplanar, and 3D images. Am J Roentgenol 182:777–784

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee EY, Greenberg SB, Boiselle PM (2011) Multidetector computed tomography of pediatric large airway diseases: state of the art. Radiol Clin North Am 49:869–893

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Papaioannou G, Young C, Owens CM (2007) Multidetector row CT for imaging the paediatric tracheobronchial tree. Pediatr Radiol 37:515–529

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel M (2003) Multiplanar and three-dimensional multi-detector row CT of thoracic vessels and airways in the pediatric population. Radiology 229:641–650

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yedururi S, Guillerman RP, Chung T, Braverman RM, Dishop MK, Giannoni CM, Krishnamurthy R (2008) Multimodality imaging of tracheobronchial disorders in children. Radiographics 28:e29, http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/28/3/e29.full.pdf+html

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Case 8: Recurrent Spontaneous Pneumothorax

  • Book

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaarschmidt K, Uschinshy K (2008) The thoracoscopic approach to pneumothorax in children. In: Bax KM, Georgeson KE, Rothenberg S, Valla JS, Yeung CK (eds) Endoscopic surgery in infants and children. Part 2. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 111–116. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-49910-7_14

    Google Scholar 

  • Web Link

    Google Scholar 

  • http://www.uptodate.com/contents/spontaneous-pneumothorax-in-children

  • Articles

    Google Scholar 

  • Bialas RC, Weiner TM, Phillips JD (2008) Video-assisted thoracic surgery for primary spontaneous ­pneumothorax in children: is there an optimal technique? J Pediatr Surg 43:2151–2155

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butterworth SA, Blair GK, LeBlanc JG, Skarsgard ED (2007) An open and shut case for early VATS treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in children. Can J Surg 50:171–174

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ganesalingam R, O’Neil RA, Shadbolt B, Tharion J (2010) Radiological predictors of recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax following non-surgical management. Heart Lung Circ 19:606–610

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guimaraes CV, Donnelly LF, Warner BW (2007) CT findings for blebs and bullae in children with spontaneous pneumothorax and comparison with findings in normal age-matched controls. Pediatr Radiol 37:879–884

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim DH (2011) The feasibility of axial and coronal combined imaging using multi-detector row computed tomography for the diagnosis and treatment of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax. J Cardiothorac Surg 6:71

    Google Scholar 

  • Laituri CA, Valusek PA, Rivard DC, Garey CL, Ostlie DJ, Snyder CL et al (2011) The utility of computed tomography in the management of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax. J Pediatr Surg 46:1523–1525

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MacDuff A, Arnold A, Harvey J (2010) BTS pleural disease guideline group. Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British thoracic society pleural disease guideline 2010. Thorax 65(Suppl 2):ii18–ii31

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Lone E, Elphick HE, Robinson PJ (2008) Spontaneous pneumothorax in children: when is invasive treatment indicated? Pediatr Pulmonol 43:41–46

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson PD, Cooper P, Ranganathan SC (2009) Evidence-based management of paediatric primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Paediatr Respir Rev 10:110–117

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shih CH, Yu HW, Tseng YC, Chang YT, Liu CM, Hsu JW (2011) Clinical manifestations of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in pediatric patients: an analysis of 78 patients. Pediatr Neonatol 52:150–154

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Case 9: Bronchotracheal Foreign Body

  • Book

    Google Scholar 

  • Pérez-Frías J, Pérez-Ruiz E, Cordón A (2010a) Broncoscopia Pediátrica, 2nd edn. Ergon, Madrid

    Google Scholar 

  • Web Link

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumoped. The official site of SENP (Sociedad Española de Neumología Pediátrica). http://www.neumoped.org/

  • Articles

    Google Scholar 

  • Cutrone C, Pedruzzi B, Tava G, Emanuelli E, Barion U, Fischetto D et al (2011) The complimentary role of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy in foreign body aspiration in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 75:1481–1485

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D’Agostino J (2010) Pediatric airway nightmares. Emerg Med Clin North Am 28:119–126

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fidkowski CW, Zheng H, Firth PG (2010) The anesthetic considerations of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children: a literature review of 12,979 cases. Anesth Analg 111:1016–1025

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guanà R, Gesmundo R, Maiullari E, Bianco ER, Vinardi S, Cortese MG et al (2009) The value of lung scintigraphy in the management of airways foreign bodies in children. Minerva Pediatr 61:477–482

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pérez-Frías J, Caro-Aguilera P, Pérez-Ruiz E, Moreno-Requena L (2010b) Manejo del cuerpo extraño intrabronquial. Broncoscopia combinada. An Pediatr (Barc) 72:67–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Pérez-Frías J, Moreno Galdó A, Pérez Ruiz E, Barrio Gómez De Agüero MI, Escribano Montaner A, Caro Aguilera P (2011) Normativa SEPAR de Broncoscopia Pediátrica. Pediatric bronchoscopy guidelines. Arch Bronconeumol 47:350–360

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigues AJ, Scussiatto EA, Jacomelli M, Scordamaglio PR, Gregório MG, Palomino AL et al (2012) Bronchoscopic techniques for removal of foreign bodies in children’s airways. Pediatr Pulmonol 47(1):59–62. doi:10.1002/ppul.21516, Epub 2011 Aug 9

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shah RK, Patel A, Lander L, Choi SS (2010) Management of foreign bodies obstructing the airway in children. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 136:373–379

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shlizerman L, Mazzawi S, Rakover Y, Ashkenazi D (2010) Foreign body aspiration in children: the effects of delayed diagnosis. Am J Otolaryngol 31:320–324

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sternberg TG, Thompson JW, Schoumacher RA, Lew DB (2010) Recurrent stridor in a 9-year-old child after a choking and aspiration event. Allergy Asthma Proc 31:154–157

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Case 10: Endobronchial Lymphoma

  • Book

    Google Scholar 

  • Warnke RA, Weiss LM, Chan JKC, Dorfman RF (1995) Anaplastic large cell lymphoma: tumors of the lymph nodes and spleen. In: Rosai J (ed) Atlas of tumor pathology, vol fasc 14, Third series. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, pp 187–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Web Link

    Google Scholar 

  • Pérez Frías J, Pérez Ruiz E, Cordón Martínez A, Spitaleri G. Broncoscopia Pediátrica. 2nd edn. http://www.neumoped.org/docs/broncoscopia2.pdf

  • Articles

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Qahtani AR, Di Lorenzo M, Yazbeck S (2003) Endobronchial tumors in children: institutional experience and literature review. J Pediatr Surg 38:773–776

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhalla R, McCluree S (2003) Pathologic quiz case: a 17 year old adolescent girl with a short history of dyspnea. Arch Pathol Lab Med 127:e430–e431

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Erbaycu AE, Karasu I, Ozdemirkirian FG, Yücel N, Ozsöz A, Bilgir O (2004) Endobronchial low-grade MALT lymphoma causing unilateral hypertranslucency. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 61:237–240

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greer JP, Kinney MC, Collins RD, Salhany KE, Wolff SN, Hainsworth JD et al (1991) Clinical features of 31 patients with Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 9:539–547

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guerra J, Echevarria-Escudero M, Barrios N, Velez-Rosario R (2006) Primary endobronchial anaplastia large cell lymphoma in a pediatric patient. PRHSJ 25:159–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim DH, Ko YH, Lee MH, Ree HJ (1998) Anaplastic large cell lymphoma presenting as an endobronchial polypoid mass. Respiration 65:156–158

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Le Deley MC, Reiter A, Williams D et al (2008) Prognostic factors in childhood anaplastia large cell lymphoma: results of a large European intergroup study. Blood 111:1560–1566

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Massimino M, Gasparini M, Giardini R (1995) Ki-1 (CD30) anaplastic large cell lymphoma in children. Ann Oncol 6:915–920

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rose RM, Grigas D, Strattemeir E, Harris NL, Linggood RM (1986) Endobronquial involvement with non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. Cancer 57:1750–1755

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scott KJ, Greinwald JH, Darrow D, Smith R (2001) Endobronchial tumors in children: an uncommon clinical entity. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 110:63–69

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Martínez-León, M.I. (2012). Thoracic Imaging. In: Martínez-León, M., Martínez-Valverde, A., Ceres-Ruiz, L. (eds) Imaging for Pediatricians. Imaging for Clinicians, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28629-2_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28629-2_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-28628-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-28629-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics