Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Stochastic Model of the Diffusion of Pollutants in Landfill Management Using Monte Carlo Simulation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Stochastic Analysis in Production Process and Ecology Under Uncertainty

  • 854 Accesses

Abstract

Hazardous waste landfills, as well as landfills for other than hazardous or inert waste, require the application of technical solutions that comply with the Regulation of the Minister of Environment of 24 March 2003 on the detailed requirements regarding the location, construction, operation and closure, that should to be met by the particular types of landfills (D.U. 2003) (Official Journal “Dz. U.” No. 61, item 549). In line with the requirements of the abovementioned regulation, it is necessary to isolate the deposited waste from the subsoil with a natural geological barrier. This applies to the other than hazardous or inert waste with the thickness no less than 1 m (for the hazardous waste it is 5 m) and the filtration coefficient (diffusion) k ≤ 1.0 × 109 m/s. If artificial geological barrier is to be used, its thickness cannot be less than 0.5 m and the permeability cannot be greater than that of the natural barrier. Synthetic isolation needs to supplement the natural or artificial geological barrier, depending on which one is used. The shape of the basin needs to make it impossible for the precipitation water from the surrounding area to flow into the basin. A drainage system should be built at the bottom and on the slopes of the landfill that would ensure its reliable functioning during the service life of the landfill and during the period of 30 years after its closure. Uncertainty can be described with the help of parameters such as variance (informing about the distribution of a random variable value) or standard deviation, or with the help of other statistical methods, e.g. the MC method. The employment of MC simulation for the modelling of propagation delay of waste in porous media is a very useful tool that can be used to assess the life cycle of a modern landfill.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Advection – the horizontal transfer of air mass properties by the velocity field of the atmosphere, of the soil (different to convection, which describes the predominantly vertical movements). Dispersion – mixing.

  2. 2.

    Retardation coefficient – the movement velocity of the separation surface of mass zone.

  3. 3.

    Dispersion consists of two elements: hydronomic-mechanic dispersion and molecular diffusion.

  4. 4.

    Retardation coefficient – the movement velocity of the separation surface of the mass zone.

  5. 5.

    The 68% confidence interval is synonymous to an interval equivalent of the 68% confidence level.

References

  • Acar, Y.B., Haider, L.: Transport of low-concentration contaminants in saturated earthen barriers. J. Geotech. Eng. 116, 1031–52 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aniszewski, A.: Modelowanie migracji zanieczyszczen w gruncie z uwzglednieniem procesu adsorpcji. Prace Naukowe Politechniki Szczecinskiej, Szczecin (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • Aniszewski, A.: Rozprzestrzenianie i adsorpcja zanieczyszczeń w plynącej wodzie gruntowe. Politechnika Szczecinska, Prace Naukowe (1998), No. 536, Katedra Inżynierii Środowiska Wodnego No. 1

    Google Scholar 

  • Bear, J., Bachmat, Y.: Introduction to Modeling of Transport Phenomena in Porous Media. Kluwer academic Publishers, Amsterdam/The Netherlands (1990)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bear, J., Cheng, A.H.-D.: Modeling Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport. Springer Science+Business Media B.V, Dordrecht (2010). doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6682-5

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bear, J.: Dynamics of Ffluids in Porous Media, p. 764. American Elsevier, New York (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedient, P.B., Rifai, H.S., Newell, C.J.: Ground Water Contamination: Transport and Remediation, 2nd edn. Pentice-Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieda, B.: Zastosowanie Metody Monte Carlo Do Analizy Ryzyka Inwestycyjnego, Materiały Konferencyjne Wydziału Zarządzania AGH. Wybrane Uwarunkowania Działalności Ekonomicznej, Kraków (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieda, B.: Operatywne Zarządzanie i Sterowanie Obiektem w Systemie Sterowania Rozproszonego na Przykładzie Składowiska Odpadów Komunalnych. Rozprawa doktorska. AGH, Kraków (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieda, B., Wajs, W.: Computer modeling municipal solid waste (MSW) transit time simulation using Monte Carlo simulation. International Conference, IFORS 2002, Edinburgh, Great Britain (2002), 8–12 July 2002

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieda, B.: Mathematical modelling the contaminant transport for modern municipal solid waste (Msw) management., Międzynarodowa Konferencja computing, communications and control technologies-CCCT 2004, 14-17/08/, Austin, Texas, USA (2004c)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieda, B.: Application of the Lon-works distributed system (technology) for the optimal landfill management or reclamation of the contaminated sites, Międzynarodowa Konferencja computing, communications and control technologies-CCCT 2004, 14–17 Aug Austin, Texas, USA (2004d)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieda, B.: Decision support system for a modern municipal solid waste landfill life-cycle assessment based on the transit time contaminants modeling using Monte Carlo simulation, IBER conference, 2–6/10/2006, Las Vegas, USA (2006c)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieda, B.: Zarządzanie gospodarką odpadami na świecie. Zrównoważone wykorzystanie zasobów w Europie – surowce z odpadów. (ed.) Kudełko, J., Kulczycka, J., Wirth, H. EUROMINES Europejskie Stowarzyszenie Przemysłu Wydobywczego Rud Metali i Kopalin Użytecznych. Wydawnictwo IGSMiE PAN, Kraków, pp. 28–45 (2007b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Biegus, A.: Probabilistyczna analiza konstrukcji stalowych. Wyd. Naukowe PWN, Warsaw-Wroclaw (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chu, X., Mariño, M.A.: Improved compartmental modeling and application to three-phase contaminant transport in unsaturated porous media. J. Environ. Eng. ASCE 132, 211–219 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cokca, E.: Report: use of computer program to estimate the thickness of a compacted clay liner in a landfill. Waste Manag. Res. 17, 227–230 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Crystal Ball. http://www.oracle.com/appserver/business-intelligence/crystalball/index.html (2010). Accessed 14 Apr 2010

  • Crooks, V.E., Quigley, R.M.: Saline leachate migration through clay: a comparative laboratory and field investigation. Can. Geotech. J. 21(2), 349–362 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dagan, G. Comment On: Stochastic modeling of mass transport in random velocity field by D.H. Tang, F.W. Schwartz and L. Smith, Water Resources Research.19(4), 231–244 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagan, G.: Stochastic modeling of groundwater flow by unconditional and conditional probabilities, 2. The solute transport. Water. Resour. Res. 18(4), 835–848 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dagan, G.: Stochastic modeling of solute transport by groundwater flow: state and the art. Relation of groundwater quantity and quality. In: Dunin, F.X, Matthes, G., Gras,R.A. (eds.) Proceedings of the Hamburg Symposium, Aug 1983, IAHS Publ., 146 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  • Domenico, P.A., Schwartz, F.W.: Physical and Chemical Hydrogeology. Wiley, New York (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  • Du, Y.J., Shen, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V3D-4VDSJNR-1&_user=3033290&_origUdi=B8CX4-4W3HPK7-T&_fmt=high&_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2009&_rdoc=1&_orig=article&_acct=C000059485&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=3033290&md5=cffe253566a509a8c1959f6b2427cbf0–aff2#aff2 S.L., S.-Y., Liu, S.Y., Hayashi. S.: Contaminant mitigating performance of Chinese standard municipal solid waste landfill liner systems. Geotextiles. Geomembranes. 27(3), 232–239 (2009)

  • D. U. No. 61, item 549, 2003. http://isip.sejm.gov.pl/servlet/Search?todo=open&id=WDU20030610549 (2009). Accessed 2 Dec 2009

  • D.U. No. 183, item 1142 of 16/10/2008. Rozporządzenie Ministra Środowiska z dnia 12 września 2008 r. w sprawie sposobu monitorowania wielkości emisji substancji objętych wspólnotowym systemem handlu uprawnieniami do emisji (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  • Eco Indicator 99 method. http://www.pre.nl/eco-indicator99/default.htm (2009). Accessed 28 Dec 2009

  • Elmore, A.C.: Applying one-dimensional mass transport model using groundwater concentration data. J. Environ. Eng. 133(4), 372–379 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, J.R., Olson, D.L.: Introduction in Simulation and Risk Analysis. Prentice Hall, New Jersey (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeze, R.A.: A stochastic conceptual analysis of one-dimensional ground-water flow in non-uniform homogeneous media. Water. Resour. Res. 11, 725–741 (1975)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freeze, R.A., Cherry, J.A.: Groundwater. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs/N J (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaudet, N.: Design of in-situ biofilters. Master thesis, Civil Engineering Department. University of Ottawa, ON (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gawęda, M.: Heavy metal content in common sorrel plants (Rumex Acetosa L.) obtained from natural sites in Małopolska province. Polish. J. Environ. Stud. 18(2), 213–218 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gelhar, L.W.: Stochastic Subsurface Hydrology. Prentice-Hal, Eaglewood Cliffs/NJ (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gelhar, L.W.: Stochastic subsurface hydrology from theory to application. Water. Resour. Res. 22, 135S–145S (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodall, D.C., Quigley, R.M.: Pollutant migration from two sanitary landfills sites near Ontario. Can. Geotech. J. 14(2), 223–236 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoeksema, R.J., Kitanidis, P.K.: Analysis of spatial variability of properties of selected aquifers. Water. Resour. Res. 21, 563–572 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hritonenko, N., Yatsenko, Y.: Mathematical Modeling in Economics, Ecology and the Environment. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrech (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Khandelwal, A., Rabideau, A.J.: Transport of sequentially decaying reaction products influenced by linear nonequilibrium sorption. Water. Resour.Res. 35(6), 1939–1945 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koning, A., Schowanek, D., Dewaele, J., Weisbrod, A., Guinée, J.: Uncertainties in carbon footprint model for detergents; quantifying the confidence in comparative results. Int. J. Life. Cycle. Assess. 15, 79–89 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kowalski, Z., Kulczycka, J., Góralczyk, M.: Ekologiczna ocena cyklu życia procesów wytwórczych (LCA). Wydawnictwo naukowe PWN, Warsaw (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y.Y., Wu, G.: Numerical simulation of transport of four heavy metals in kaolinite clay. J. Environ. Eng. 125, 314–324 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lorance, R.B., Wendling, R.V.: Basic techniques for analyzing and presentation of cost risk analysis. www.decisioneering.com/support/whitepaper/lorance.html (1999). Accessed 27 Dec 1999

  • Lunn, M., Lunn, R.J., Mackay, R.: Determining analytic solution of multiple species contaminant transport, with sorption and decay. J. Hydrol. 180, 195–210 (1996)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Majer, E., Łuczak-Wilamowska, B., Wysokinski, L., Dragowski, A.: Zasady oceny przydatności gruntów spoistych Polski do budowy mineralnych barier izolacyjnych. Warsaw, 2007. http://www.mos.gov.pl/g2/kategoriaPliki/2009_04/107040824e523ee6a5b6727e17ab7073.pdf (2009). Accessed 3 Dec 2009

  • Nima, R.: Numerical modeling of coupled consolidation and contaminant transport in a deformable porous medium. MS Thesis (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ostasiewicz, S., Rusnak, Z., Siedlecka, U.: Statystyka, elementy teorii i zadania. Wydawnictwo Akademii Ekonomicznej, Wrocław (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pilkey, O.H., Pilkey-Jarvis, L.: Useless Arithmetic Why Environmental Scientists Can’t Predict the Future? Columbia University Press, New York (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rabl, A., Spadaro, J.V.: Damages and costs of air pollution: an analysis of uncertainties. Environ. Int. 25(1), 29–46 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raport o oddziaływaniu na środowisko projektowanej przebudowy składowiska odpadów stałych w Pleszowie, Mittal Steel Poland, Kraków (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowe, R.K.: Diffusive transport of pollutants through clay liners. In: Christensen, T., Cossu, R., Stegmann, R.E., Spon, F.N. (eds.) Chapter 3.2 in Book Landfilling of Waste, pp. 219–245. Chapman & Hall, London (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • Russo, D.: A note on the effective parameters of the convection–dispersion. Water. Resour. Res. 38(2), 9-1–9-7 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saltelli, A., Tarantola, S., Campolongo, F., Ratto, M.: Sensitivity Analysis in Practice. A Guide to Assessing Scientific Models. Wiley, Chichester (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Saltelli, A., Ratto, M., Andres, T., Campolongo, F., Cariboni, J., Gatelli, D., Saisana, M., Tarantola, S.: Global Sensitivity Analysis. The Primer. Wiley, Chichester (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, F.W., Zhang, H.: Fundamentals of Ground Water. Wiley, New York (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shackelford, C.D.: Critical concepts for column testing. J. Geotech. Eng. 120(10), 1804–1828 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shackelford, C.D., Daniel, D.E.: Diffusion in aaturated aoils. I: background. J. Geotech. Eng. ASCE 117(3), 467–484 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shackelford, C.D.: Transit-time design of earthen barriers. Eng. Geol. 29, 79–94 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Snopkowski, R.: Symulacja stochastyczna. AGH Uczelniane Wydawnictwa Naukowo-Dydaktyczne, Kraków (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Spadaro, J.V., Rabl, A.: Estimating the uncertainty of damage costs of pollution: a simple transparent metod and typical results. Environ. Impact Assess. Rev. 28, 166–183 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stanisz, A.: Przystępny kurs statystyki z zastosowaniem STATYSTICA PL na przykładach medycyny, vol. 1. Statystyki podstawowe. StatSoft Polska Sp. z o.o, Kraków (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Suh, Y., Rousseaux, P.: An LCA of alternative wastewater sludge treatment scenarios. Resour. Conserv. Recy. 35, 191–200 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tadeusiewicz, R.: Przetwarzanie, analiza i rozpoznawanie sygnałów biomedycznych z wykorzystaniem sieci neuronowych (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Uncertainty in industrial practice. In: de Rocquigny, E., Devictor, N., Tarantola, S. (eds.) A Guide to Quantitative Uncertainty Management.. Wiley (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  • Unice, K.M., Logan, B.E.: Insignificant role of hydrodynamic dispersion on bacteria transport. J. Environ. Eng. 126, 491–500 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Genuchten, M.T.: Convective–dispersive transport of solutes involved in sequential first-order decay reactions. Comput. Geosci. 11(2), 129–147 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warith, M., Fernandes, L., Gaudet, N.: Design of in-situ microbial filter for the remediation of naphthalene. Waste. Manag. 19, 9–25 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yeh, H.D., Yeh, G.T.: Analysis of point-source and boundary-source solutions of one-dimensional groundwater transport equation. J. Environ. Eng. 133(11), 1032–1042 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yenni, H.: Simulation techniques for risk-based financing estimates in behavioral health managed care. http://wwwdeisioneering.com/support/whitepaper/yennie.html (1999). Accessed 27 Dec 1999

  • Zaradny, H.: Matematyczne metody opisu i rozwiązań zagadnień przepływu wody w nienasyconych i nasyconych gruntach i glebach, praca habilitacyjna, Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN, No. 23, Gdańsk (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zdanowicz, R.: Modelowanie i symulacja procesów wytwarzania. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, Gliwice (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhiang, E.S., Gin, K.Y.H., Chan, E.S., Chou, L.M.: Three-dimensional ecological-eutrophication model for Singapore. J. Environ. Eng. 127, 928–935 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Management, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30–059, Kraków, Poland

    Bogusław Bieda

Authors
  1. Bogusław Bieda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bogusław Bieda .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bieda, B. (2012). Stochastic Model of the Diffusion of Pollutants in Landfill Management Using Monte Carlo Simulation. In: Stochastic Analysis in Production Process and Ecology Under Uncertainty. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28056-6_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation