Abstract
The principles of shadowgraph photography are described in this work together with a few examples of its utilisation in the study of free liquid surfaces. Shadowgraph photography is utilized in combination with high speed imaging and image analysis to study the behaviour of sub-millimetre and millimetre-sized droplets and jets. The temporal and physical scales of these examples cover operational ranges of industrial, commercial, and academic interest. The aim of this work is to summarize the necessary optical and illumination properties to design an appropriate shadowgraph imaging system.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Adrian RJ (1991) Particle-Imaging Techniques for Experimental Fluid Mechanics. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 23:261–304
Bellizia G, Megaridis GM, Mc Nallan M, Wallace DV (2003) A capillary-jet instability method for measuring dynamic surface tension of liquid metals. Proc R Soc Lond A 459:2195–2214
Bruce CA (1976) Dependence of ink jet dynamics on fluid characteristics. IBM J Res Dev 20:258–270
Castrejón-García R, Milan J (1982) Application of the shadowgraph technique to the analysis of mechanical sprayers. IX international meeting on boilers and pressure vessels (AMIME), Cuernavaca, Mexico
Castrejón-García R, Sarmiento-Galán A, Castrejón-Pita JR, Castrejón-Pita AA (2003) The fractal dimension of an oil spray. Fractals 11:155–161
Castrejón-García R, Castrejon-Pita JR, Martin G, Hutchings IM (2011) The shadowgraph imaging technique and its modern application to fluid jets and drops 57(3):266–275
Castrejón-Pita JR, Martin G, Hoath S, Hutchings IM (2008) A simple large-scale droplet generator for studies of inkjet printing. Rev Sci Instrum 79:075108
Castrejón-Pita JR et al (2011) The dynamics of the impact and coalescence of droplets on a solid surface. Biomicrofluidics 5:014112
Curry SA, Portig H (1976) Scale model of an ink jet. IBM J Res Dev 21:10–20
Eggers J, Villermaux E (2008) Physics of liquid jets. Rep Prog Phys 71:036601
Highton S (2011) Virtual reality photography: creating panoramic and object images. Library of congress. ISBN: 978-0-165-34223-8. p 38
Hutchings IM, Martin GD, Hoath SD (2007) High speed imaging and analysis of jet and drop formation. J Imaging Sci Technol 51(5):438–444
Jones AR (1977) A review of drop size measurement — the application of techniques to dense fuel sprays. Prog Energy Combust Sci 3:225–234
Kalaali A, Lopez B, Attane P, Soucemarianadin A (2003) Breakup length of forced liquid jets. Phys Fluid 15:2469–2479
Lambrecht RW, Woodhouse C (2011) Way beyond monochrome, 2nd edn. Focal Press, Elsevier, pp 134–136
Le Moyne L, Freire V, Conde DQ (2008) Fractal dimension and scale entropy applications in a spray. Chaos Solitons Fractals 38(3):696–704
Martin GD, Hoath SD, Hutchings IM (2007) Inkjet printing - the physics of manipulating liquid jets and drops. J Phys Conf Ser 105:01200
O’Gorman L, Sammon MJ, Seul M (2008) Practical algorithms for image analysis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
Savart F (1833) Memoire sur la constitution des veines liquides lancees par des orifices circulaires en mince paroi. Ann Chim 53:337–386
Strutt (Lord Rayleigh) JW (1896) The theory of sound, vol II. Macmillan and Co. ltd, New York
Acknowledgments
This work was partially supported by the UK EPSRC and industrial partners in the Innovation in Industrial Inkjet Technology project. JRCP acknowledges support from the Grupo Santander Academic Travel Fund of the University of Cambridge. The authors are grateful for the assistance of J. Waldmeyer during the recording of the CIJ stroboscopic images.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Castrejón-Pita, J.R., Castrejón-García, R., Hutchings, I.M. (2013). High Speed Shadowgraphy for the Study of Liquid Drops. In: Klapp, J., Medina, A., Cros, A., Vargas, C. (eds) Fluid Dynamics in Physics, Engineering and Environmental Applications. Environmental Science and Engineering(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27723-8_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27723-8_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-27722-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27723-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)