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Circadian Clocks pp 243–260Cite as

Molecular Clocks in Pharmacology

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 217))

Abstract

Circadian rhythms regulate a vast array of biological processes and play a fundamental role in mammalian physiology. As a result, considerable diurnal variation in the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and side effect profiles of many therapeutics has been described. This variation has subsequently been tied to diurnal rhythms in absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, as well as in pharmacodynamic variables, such as target expression. More recently, the molecular basis of circadian rhythmicity has been elucidated with the identification of clock genes, which oscillate in a circadian manner in most cells and tissues and regulate transcription of large sets of genes. Ongoing research efforts are beginning to reveal the critical role of circadian clock genes in the regulation of pharmacologic parameters, as well as the reciprocal impact of drugs on circadian clock function. This chapter will review the role of circadian clocks in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drug response and provide several examples of the complex regulation of pharmacologic systems by components of the molecular circadian clock.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 7401 Byron Pl., Saint Louis, MO, 63105, USA

    Erik S. Musiek

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, 10-122 Translational Research Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Bldg 421, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-5158, USA

    Garret A. FitzGerald

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  1. Erik S. Musiek
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  2. Garret A. FitzGerald
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Correspondence to Garret A. FitzGerald .

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  1. , Laboratory of Chronobiology, Charité Universiätsmedizin Berlin, Hessische Str. 3-4, Berlin, 10115, Germany

    Achim Kramer

  2. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Institute of Medical Psychology, Goethestrasse 31/ I, München, 80336, Germany

    Martha Merrow

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Musiek, E.S., FitzGerald, G.A. (2013). Molecular Clocks in Pharmacology. In: Kramer, A., Merrow, M. (eds) Circadian Clocks. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 217. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25950-0_10

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