Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Zur Evolution der Theory of Mind – evolutionsbiologische Aspekte und neuronale Mechanismen

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Theory of Mind

Zusammenfassung

Das wissenschaftliche Konstrukt Theory of Mind (ToM) ist von hoher interdisziplinärer Relevanz. Neben vergleichenden Untersuchungen der ToM bei nichtmenschlichen Primaten (Premack u. Woodruff 1978; Tomasello et al. 2003) hat sich vor allem die Entwicklungspsychologie (Wellman 1985; Leslie 1987), in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten auch die psychopathologische Forschung, mit Störungen der ToM beschäftigt (Brüne u. Brüne-Cohrs 2006). Dieser interdisziplinäre Ansatz steht in unmittelbarem Zusammenhang mit der Hypothese vom »sozialen Gehirn« (Brothers 1990). Ihr zufolge verfügen Primaten einschließlich des Menschen über spezialisierte zentralnervös repräsentierte »Module« (Fodor 1983), deren stammesgeschichtliche Entwicklung mit der Komplexität der für Primaten typischen Sozialstrukturen steht und die sich daher primär infolge von Selektionsdrücken der sozialen Umwelt entwickelten (Dunbar 2003). Die ToM ist demnach als Teil eines sozialkognitiven Moduls aufzufassen, bei dem jedoch definitorische Unschärfen, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Abgrenzung von »Empathie«, bestehen (Premack u. Woodruff 1978; Brüne et al. 2003; Singer 2006).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Aiello LC, Wheeler P (1995) The expensive tissue hypothesis. Curr Anthropol 36: 184–193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alexander RD (1987) The biology of moral systems. de Gruyter, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Allman JM, Hakeem A, Watson K (2002) Two phylogenetic specializations in the human brain. Neuroscientist 8: 335–346

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Allman JM, Tetreault NA, Hakeem AY et al (2010) The Von Economo neurons in frontoinsular and anterior cingulate cortex in great apes and humans. Am J Hum Biol 214: 495–517

    Google Scholar 

  • Axelrod R (1984) The evolution of cooperation. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Axelrod R, Hamilton WD (1981) The evolution of cooperation. Science 211: 1390–1396

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brothers L (1990) The social brain: a project for integrating primate behavior and neurophysiology in a new domain. Concepts Neurosci 1: 27–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Brüne M, Brüne-Cohrs U (2006) »Theory of mind« – evolution, ontogeny, brain mechanisms and psychopathology. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 30: 437–455

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brüne M, Ribbert H, Schiefenhövel W (2003) Postscript. In: Brüne M, Ribbert H, Schiefenhövel W (eds) The social brain – evolution and pathology. Wiley, Chichester, pp 433–436

    Google Scholar 

  • Brüne et al (2010) Von Economo neuron density in the anterior cingulate cortex is reduced in early onset schizophrenia. Acta Neuropathol 119: 771–778

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butti C, Sherwood CC, Hakeem AY et al (2009) Total number and volume of Von Economo neurons in the brains of cetaceans. J Comp Neurol 515: 243–259

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Charlton BG, McClelland HA (1999) Theory of mind and delusional disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis 187: 380–383

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cosmides L (1989) The logic of social exchange: Has natural selection shaped how humans reason? Studies with the Wason selection task. Cognition 31: 187–276

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dawkins R, Krebs JR (1979) Arms races between and within species. Proc R Soc London B 205: 489–511

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Decety J, Chaminade T (2005) The neurophysiology of imitation and intersubjectivity. In: Hurley S, Chater N (eds) Perspectives on imitation, Vol 1. Mechanisms of imitation and imitation in animals. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Pellegrino G, Fadiga L, Fogassi L et al (1992) Understanding motor events: a neurophysiological study. Exp Brain Res 91: 176–180

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar RIM (1998) The social brain hypothesis. Evol Anthropol 6: 178–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar RIM (2003) The social brain: mind, language, and society in evolutionary perspective. Ann Rev Anthropol 32: 163–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fehr E, Fischbacher U (2004) Social norms and human cooperation. Trends Cogn Sci 8: 185–190

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fodor J (1983) The modularity of mind. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallese V, Goldman A (1998) Mirror neurons and the simulation theory of mind-reading. Trends Cogn Sci 2: 493–501

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hakeem AY, Sherwood CC, Bonar CJ N (2009) Von Economo neurons in the elephant brain. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 292: 242–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heyes CM (1998) Theory of mind in nonhuman primates. Behav Brain Sci 21: 101–148

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Humphrey NK (1976) The social function of intellect. In: Bateson PPG, Hinde RA (eds) Growing points in ethology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 303–317

    Google Scholar 

  • Joffe TH (1997) Social pressures have selected for an extended juvenile period in primates. J Hum Evol 32: 593–605

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jolly A (1966) Lemur social behaviour and primate intelligence. Science 153: 501–506

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leslie A (1987) Pretence and representation: the origins of »theory of mind«. Psychol Rev 94: 412–426

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maynard-Smith J (1974) The theory of games and the evolution of animal conflicts. J Theoret Biol 47: 209–221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayr E (1997) This is biology: the science of the living world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • McCabe K, Houser D, Ryan L et al (2001) A functional imaging study of cooperation in two-person reciprocal exchange. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 11832–11835

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nimchinsky E, Gilissen E, Allman JM et al (1999) A neuronal morphology unique to humans and greatapes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 5268–5273

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Premack D, Woodruff G (1978) Does the chimpanzee have a »theory of mind«? Behav Brain Sci 4: 515–526

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rilling JK, Sanfey AG, Aronson JA et al (2004) The neural correlates of theory of mind within interpersonal interactions. NeuroImage 22: 1694–1703

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sanfey AG, Rilling JK, Aronson JA et al (2003) The neural basis of economic decision-making in the Ultimatum Game. Science 300: 1755–1758

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schaik van CP, Preuschoft S, Watts D (2004) Great ape social systems. In: Russon AE, Begun DR (eds) The evolution of thought: evolutionary origins of great ape intelligence, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Seeley WW, Carlin DA, Allman JM et al (2006) Early fronto-temporal dementia targets neurons unique to apes and humans. Ann Neurol 60: 660–667

    Google Scholar 

  • Shamay-Tsoory GS, Ahron-Peretz A, Perry D (2009) Two systems for empathy. A double dissociation between emotional and cognitive empathy in inferior frontal gyrus versus ventromedial prefrontal lesions. Brain 132: 617–627

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singer T (2006) The neuronal basis and ontogeny of empathy and mind reading: review of literature and implications for future research. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 30: 855–863

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sorg C, Schlegel J, Förstl H (2010) Von Economo neurons and insular cortex – the bridge between soma and psyche. Neuropsychiatry 24: 64–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinel W, De Dreu CKW (2004) Social motives and strategic misrepresentation in social decision making. J Pers Soc Psychol 86: 419–434

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sugiyama LS, Tooby J, Cosmides L (2002) Cross-cultural evidence of cognitive adaptations for social exchange among the Shiwiar of Ecuadorian Amazonia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 11537–11542

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takagishi H, Kameshima S, Schug J, Koizumi M, Yamagishi T (2010) Theory of mind enhances preference for fairness. J Exp Child Psychol 105(1–2): 130–137

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tinbergen N (1963) On the aims and methods of ethology. Z Tierpsychol 20: 410–433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tomasello M, Call J, Hare B (2003) Chimpanzees understand psychological states – the question is which ones and to what extent. Trends Cogn Sci 7: 153–156

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trivers R (1971) The evolution of reciprocal altruism. Quart Rev Biol 46: 35–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Von Economo C, Koskinas G (1925) Die Cytoarchitektur der Hirnrinde des erwachsenen Menschen. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokio

    Google Scholar 

  • Wason PC (1966) Reasoning. In: Foss BM (ed) New horizons in psychology. Penguin, Harmondsworth

    Google Scholar 

  • Wellman HM (1985) The child’s theory of mind: The development of conceptions of cognition. In: Yussen SR (ed) The growth of reflection. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 169–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Whiten A (2000) Social complexity and social intelligence. Novartis Foundation Symposium 233: 185–196

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Forschungsabteilung für kognitive Neuropsychiatrie und psychiatrische Präventivmedizin LWL Universitätsklinikum Bochum, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Präventivmedizin der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Westfälisches Zentrum für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Alexandrinenstraße 1–3, 44791, Bochum, Deutschland

    Prof. Dr. med. Martin Brüne

  2. Institut für Sozialmedizin, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsökonomie der, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte Luisenstraße 57, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland

    Max Bender

Authors
  1. Prof. Dr. med. Martin Brüne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Max Bender
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Martin Brüne .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für, TU München Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Bayern, Germany

    Hans Förstl

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Brüne, M., Bender, M. (2012). Zur Evolution der Theory of Mind – evolutionsbiologische Aspekte und neuronale Mechanismen. In: Förstl, H. (eds) Theory of Mind. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24916-7_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24916-7_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-24915-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-24916-7

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation