DOA Estimation for Rectangular Linear Array Antenna in Frequency Non Selective Slow Fading MIMO Channels

Abstract

This paper presents a tool for the analysis, and simulation of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in wireless mobile communication systems utilizing adaptive antenna arrays and evaluates the performance of a number of DOA estimation algorithms in frequency non-selective and slow fading multipath for multi input multi output (MIMO) system. It reviews six methods of Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation, all of which can be derived from the parametric based and subspace based methods. The parametric based method results from the application of the Maximum Likelihood principle to the statistics of the observed raw data. Second, the standard Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) can be obtained from the subspace based methods. In improved MUSIC procedure called Cyclic MUSIC, it can automatically classify the signals as desired and undesired based on the known spectral correlation property and estimate only the desired signal’s DOA. The next method is an extension of the Cyclic MUSIC algorithm called Extended Cyclic MUSIC by using an extended array data vector. By exploiting cyclostationarity, the signal’s DOA estimation can be significantly improved. Finally, Estimation of signal parameter via rotational invariance techniques called ESPRIT algorithm is developed. In this paper, in addition with two different types of data model viz received signal with coherent frequency non selective slow fading channel and received signal with non coherent non selective slow fading channel are used for which estimates the DOA of narrow band signals. This paper provides a fairly complete image of the performance and statistical efficiency of each of above four methods with QPSK and exponential pulse signal (FM).