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Optimizing Laser-Induced Refractive Index Changes in Optical Glasses via Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Beam Engineering

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Femtosecond Laser Micromachining

Part of the book series: Topics in Applied Physics ((TAP,volume 123))

Abstract

The result of ultrafast laser processing of embedded refractive index changes in optical materials depends on the material relaxation paths, as well as on the spatio-temporal characteristics of the writing beam. Recently, new beam manipulation concepts were developed which allow a modulation of the energy feedthrough enabling a synergetic interaction between light and matter and, therefore, improved results. We discuss here the possibility of managing laser-induced physical phenomena employing automated temporal pulse shaping. In reviewing some of the control factors we indicate the potential of regulated energy input in triggering thermo-mechanical pathways that may establish desired refractive index distributions. The adaptive techniques indicate as well an engineering aspect related to efficient processing of structural modifications in three-dimensional arrangements. Here, a feasible solution is represented by dynamic spatial shaping techniques. The approach includes corrections for beam propagation errors and spatial intensity design in desired patterns. Insights into parallel writing techniques for complex structures using wavefront engineering will be given, with the purpose of achieving performant optical functions in a time-effective way.

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Acknowledgements

The author is deeply indebted to C. Mauclair, A. Mermillod-Blondin, and G. Cheng for their enthusiastic involvement in many of the presented studies. The participation of I. M. Burakov, N. M. Bulgakova, Yu. P. Meshcheryakov, A. Rosenfeld, I. V. Hertel, N. Huot, and E. Audouard is equally acknowledged.

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  1. Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint Etienne, France

    Razvan Stoian

  2. Université de Lyon, 42023, Saint Etienne, France

    Razvan Stoian

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  1. Razvan Stoian
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , IFN-CNR, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy

    Roberto Osellame

  2. , Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy

    Giulio Cerullo

  3. , Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. Da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy

    Roberta Ramponi

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Stoian, R. (2012). Optimizing Laser-Induced Refractive Index Changes in Optical Glasses via Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Beam Engineering. In: Osellame, R., Cerullo, G., Ramponi, R. (eds) Femtosecond Laser Micromachining. Topics in Applied Physics, vol 123. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23366-1_4

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