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Nanotechnology: Principles and Applications

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Nanostructured Materials and Their Applications

Part of the book series: NanoScience and Technology ((NANO))

Abstract

Nanotechnology is one of the leading scientific fields today since it combines knowledge from the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medicine, Informatics, and Engineering. It is an emerging technological field with great potential to lead in great breakthroughs that can be applied in real life. Novel nano- and biomaterials, and nanodevices are fabricated and controlled by nanotechnology tools and techniques, which investigate and tune the properties, responses, and functions of living and non-living matter, at sizes below 100 nm. The application and use of nanomaterials in electronic and mechanical devices, in optical and magnetic components, quantum computing, tissue engineering, and other biotechnologies, with smallest features, widths well below 100 nm, are the economically most important parts of the nanotechnology nowadays and presumably in the near future. The number of nanoproducts is rapidly growing since more and more nanoengineered materials are reaching the global market The continuous revolution in nanotechnology will result in the fabrication of nanomaterials with properties and functionalities which are going to have positive changes in the lives of our citizens, be it in health, environment, electronics or any other field. In the energy generation challenge where the conventional fuel resources cannot remain the dominant energy source, taking into account the increasing consumption demand and the CO2 emissions alternative renewable energy sources based on new technologies have to be promoted. Innovative solar cell technologies that utilize nanostructured materials and composite systems such as organic photovoltaics offer great technological potential due to their attractive properties such as the potential of large-scale and low-cost roll-to-roll manufacturing processes The advances in nanomaterials necessitate parallel progress of the nanometrology tools and techniques to characterize and manipulate nanostructures. Revolutionary new approaches in nanometrology will be required in the near future and the existing ones will have to be improved in terms of better resolution and sensitivity for elements and molecular species. Finally, the development of specific guidance for the safety evaluation of nanotechnology products is strongly recommended.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, Lab for Thin Films – Nanosystems & Nanometrology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece

    S. Logothetidis

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  1. S. Logothetidis
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Correspondence to S. Logothetidis .

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  1. , Lab for Thin Films-Nanosystems, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece

    Stergios Logothetidis

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Logothetidis, S. (2012). Nanotechnology: Principles and Applications. In: Logothetidis, S. (eds) Nanostructured Materials and Their Applications. NanoScience and Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22227-6_1

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