Abstract
A standard ocular exam is part of the standard preoperative evaluation for lower blepharoplasty, especially checking for dry eye and previous LASIK surgery. The quality and amount of excess skin are noted. Lower lid laxity is evaluated by the distraction test and the snapback test. In lower lid blepharoplasty, it is crucial to address each of the layers of the lid complex: skin, muscle, fat, vector, and the canthus. The technique is described as well as possible complications.
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References
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© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Hartstein, M.E. (2013). Lower Blepharoplasty. In: Shiffman, M., Di Giuseppe, A. (eds) Cosmetic Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21837-8_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21837-8_15
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Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
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Online ISBN: 978-3-642-21837-8
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