Skip to main content

Fostering Practice-Based Innovation Through Reflection at Work

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Practice-Based Innovation: Insights, Applications and Policy Implications

Abstract

Practice-based knowledge built up through experience is needed to obtain expertise and skills in occupations and work tasks, but this form of knowledge is not conducive to change or renewal. The development of practice-based innovations can be fostered by creative learning made possible through the deliberate use of research-based knowledge to challenge well-established attitudes, beliefs, and practices. Reflection in the workplace can be used as an instrument to integrate research-based knowledge with practice-based knowledge to scrutinise and possibly revise prevailing thought and action patterns, thus facilitating creative learning. Reflection is often not allotted formal priority on the management agenda, yet the potential of reflection cannot be fully realised without formalising this as an expected, legitimised activity in the workplace. Thus, decisions and planned mechanisms, structures, and procedures are needed to facilitate and support reflection in the workplace.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Argote, L. (1999). Organizational learning: Creating, retaining, and transferring knowledge. Boston, MA: Kluwer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Argyris, C., & Schön, D. (1978). Organizational learning: A theory of action perspective. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arrow, K. J. (1962). The economic implications of learning by doing. The Review of Economic Studies, 29(3), 155–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bergmark, Å., & Lundström, T. (2002). Education, practice and research. Knowledge and attitudes to knowledge of Swedish social workers. Social Work Education, 21(3), 359–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bilson, A. (2006). Rationalities, reflection and research. In S. White, J. Fook, & F. Gardner (Eds.), Critical reflection in health and social care (pp. 135–143). New York: Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boud, D., Keogh, R., & Walker, D. (Eds.). (1985). Reflection: Turning experience into learning. London: Kogan Page.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boud, D., Cressey, P., & Docherty, P. (2006). Setting the scene for productive reflection. In D. Boud, P. Cressey, & P. Docherty (Eds.), Productive reflection at work (pp. 3–10). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brookfield, S. (1990). Using critical incidents to explore learners’ assumptions. In J. Mezirow & Associates (Ed.), Fostering critical reflection in adulthood (pp. 177–193). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conner, M., & Norman, P. (2005). Predicting health behaviour. Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cramer, P. (1991). The development of defence mechanisms: Theory, research, and assessment. New York: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Cressey, P., Boud, D., & Docherty, P. (2006). The emergence of productive reflection. In D. Boud, P. Cressey, & P. Docherty (Eds.), Productive reflection at work (pp. 11–26). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Geus, A. (1992). The living company. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Desforges, C. (2000). Putting educational research to use through knowledge transformation. Keynote lecture to the Further Education Research Network Conference, Coventry, 12 December 2000. London: Learning and Skills Development Agency.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (1933). How we think. New York: Heath.

    Google Scholar 

  • Docherty, P., Boud, D., & Cressey, P. (2006). Lessons and issues for practice and development. In D. Boud, P. Cressey, & P. Docherty (Eds.), Productive reflection at work (pp. 193–206). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dopson, S., Locock, L., Gabbay, J., Ferlie, E., & Fitzgerald, L. (2005). Evidence-based health care and the implementation gap. In S. Dopson & L. Fitzgerald (Eds.), Knowledge to action? – evidence-based health care in context (pp. 28–47). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Edquist, C. (Ed.). (1997). Systems of innovation. Technologies, institutions and organizations. London: Pinter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edquist, C. (2005). Systems of innovation. Perspectives and challenges. In J. Fagerberg, D. C. Mowery, & R. R. Nelson (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of innovation (pp. 181–208). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellström, P.-E. (2001). Integrating learning and work: Conceptual issues and critical conditions. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 12(4), 421–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellström, P.-E. (2006a). The meaning and role of reflection in informal learning at work. In D. Boud, P. Cressey, & P. Docherty (Eds.), Productive reflection. An anthology on reflection and learning at work (pp. 43–53). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellström, P.-E. (2006b). Two logics of learning. In E. Antonacopoulou, P. Jarvis, V. Andersen, B. Elkjær, & S. Høyrup (Eds.), Learning, working and living. Mapping the terrain of working life learning (pp. 33–49). London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellström, P.-E. (2010). Practice-based innovation: A learning perspective. Journal of Workplace Learning, 22(1/2), 27–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellström, P.-E. (2011). Informal learning at work: Conditions, processes and logics. In M. Malloch, L. Cairns, K. Evans, & B. N. O’Connor (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of workplace learning. London: SAGE Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellström, P.-E., & Kock, H. (2009). Competence development in the workplace, concepts, strategies, and effects. In K. Illeris (Ed.), International perspectives on competence development (pp. 34–54). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elmholdt, C., & Brinkmann, S. (2006). Discursive practices at work – constituting the reflective learner. In D. Boud, P. Cressey, & P. Docherty (Eds.), Productive reflection. An anthology on reflection and learning at work (pp. 170–180). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Engeström, Y. (1988). Learning by expanding. Helsinki: University of Helsinki.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eraut, M. (2004). Transfer of knowledge between education and workplace settings. In H. Rainbird, A. Fuller, & A. Munro (Eds.), Workplace learning in context (pp. 201–221). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feist, G. J. (1999). The influence of personality on artistic and scientific creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of creativity (pp. 273–296). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fenwick, T. J. (2003). Professional growth plans: Possibilities and limitations of an organization-wide employee development strategy. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 14(1), 59–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Evanston, IL: Row and Peterson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fitzgerald, L., & Dopson, S. (2005). Knowledge, credible evidence, and utilization. In S. Dopson & L. Fitzgerald (Eds.), Knowledge to Action? – evidence-based health care in context (pp. 132–154). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Flavell, J. H. (1979). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34(10), 906–911.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frese, M., & Zapf, D. (1994). Action as the core of work psychology. A German approach. In H. C. Triandis, M. D. Dunnette, & L. M. Hough (Eds.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 271–340). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garvin, D. A. (2000). Learning in action. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gersick, C. J. G., & Hackman, J. R. (1990). Habitual routines in task-performing groups. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 47, 65–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giddens, A. (1984). The constitution of society. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gigerenzer, G., Todd, P. M., & ABC Research Group. (1999). Simple heuristics that make us smart. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gladwell, M. (2005). Blink: The power of thinking without thinking. New York: Little Brown.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hannan, A., Enright, H., & Ballard, P. (2000). Using research: the results of a pilot study comparing teachers, general practitioners and surgeons. http://www.leeds.ac.uk/educol/documents/000000851.htm. Accessed March 2010.

  • Hansen, M., Nohria, N., & Tierney, T. (1999). What’s your strategy for managing knowledge? Harvard Business Review, 77(2), 106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemsley-Brown, J., & Sharp, C. (2003). The use of research to improve professional practice: A systematic review of the literature. Oxford Review of Education, 29, 449–470.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hislop, D. (2005). Knowledge management in organizations. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hommen, L. (2000). Innovation and qualification: Institutional challenges. Working paper, Tema T. Linköping: Linköping University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunter, L., Beaumont, P., & Lee, M. (2002). Knowledge management practice in Scottish law firms. Human Resource Management, 12(2), 4–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hörberg, C. (1996). Att våga bryta sina ramar. Om kunskap i arbetet. Lärares kunskaps- och forskningsanvändning i skolan. Linköping: Linköping University. (In Swedish.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Höyrup, S., & Elkjaer, B. (2006). Reflection: Taking it beyond the individual. In D. Boud, P. Cressey, & P. Docherty (Eds.), Productive reflection at work (pp. 29–42). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lam, A. (2005). Organizational innovation. In J. Fagerberg, D. C. Mowery, & R. R. Nelson (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of innovation (pp. 115–147). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, E. J. (1989). Mindfulness. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehrer, J. (2009). How we decide. Boston, MA: Mariner Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorenz, E., & Lundvall, B.-Å. (Eds.). (2006). How Europe’s economies learn. Coordinating competing models. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loughran, J. (1996). Developing reflective practice: Learning about teaching and learning through modelling. London: Palmer Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lundvall, B.-Å. (Ed.). (1992). National systems of innovation: Towards a theory of innovation and interactive learning. London: Pinter Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lundvall, B.-Å., & Nielsen, P. (1999). Competition and transformation in the learning economy illustrated by the Danish case. Revue d’Économie Industrielle, 88(2), 67–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • March, J. G. (1991). Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, 2, 71–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGrath, R. G. (2001). Exploratory learning, innovative capacity, and managerial oversight. Academy of Management Journal, 44(1), 118–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mezirow, J. (1991). Transformative dimensions of adult learning. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miner, A. S., Bassoff, P., & Moorman, C. (2001). Organizational improvisation and learning: A field study. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(2), 304–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moon, J. A. (1999). Reflection in learning and professional development: Theory and practice. London: Kogan Page.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nevin, J. S. (2006). Psychology – concepts and applications. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilsen, P. (2010). Praktiknära innovationer genom integration av praktik- och forskningsbaserad kunskap. In Implementation – teori och tillämpning i hälso- och sjukvård (pp. 125–144). Lund: Studentlitteratur. (In Swedish.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nonaka, I., Toyama, R., & Byosière, P. (2001). A theory of organizational knowledge creation: Understanding the dynamic process of creating knowledge. In M. Dierkes, A. Berthoin Antal, J. Child, & I. Nonaka (Eds.), Handbook of organizational learning and knowledge (pp. 491–517). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nutley, S. M., Walter, I., & Davies, H. T. O. (2007). Using evidence: How research can inform public services. Bristol, UK: The Policy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohlsson, J. (2002). Forskaren som kritisk reflektör. In Interaktiv forskning – för utveckling av teori och praktik (pp. 89–104). Stockholm: Arbetslivsinstitutet. (In Swedish.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Olsen, S. E., & Rasmussen, J. (1989). The reflective expert and the prenovice. In L. Bainbridge & S. A. Ruiz Quintanilla (Eds.), Developing skills with information technology (pp. 9–33). Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 390–395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Redmond, B. (2006). Reflection in action. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosell, M. (2002). Ett möte mellan forskning och praktik i socialtjänstens barnavårdsarbete. In Interaktiv forskning – för utveckling av teori och praktik (pp. 105–118). Stockholm: Arbetslivsinstitutet. (In Swedish.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosén, A. (1994). Knowledge use in direct practice. The Social Service Review, 68, 561–577.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rushmer, R., & Davies, H. T. O. (2004). Unlearning in health care. Quality & Safety in Health Care, 13(Suppl II), ii10–ii15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schein, E. H. (1985). Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schenkel, A. (2006). Disciplined reflection or communities of practice? In D. Boud, P. Cressey, & P. Docherty (Eds.), Productive reflection at work (pp. 69–79). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schön, D. A. (1983). The reflective practitioner – how professionals think in action. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seibert, K. W., & Daudelin, M. W. (1999). The role of reflection in managerial learning. Westport, CT: Quorum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shani, A. B. R., & Docherty, P. (2003). Learning by design: Building sustainable organizations. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strampel, K., & Oliver, R. (2007). Using technology to foster reflection in higher education. In ICT: providing choices for learners and learning. Proceedings Ascilite Singapore 2007. http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/singapore07/procs/strampel.pdf. Accessed 18 August 2010.

  • Svensson, L. (2002). En analys och blick framåt. In Interaktiv forskning – för utveckling av teori och praktik (pp. 173–204). Stockholm: Arbetslivsinstitutet. (In Swedish.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Svensson, L., Ellström, P.-E., & Åberg, C. (2004). Integrating formal and informal learning at work. Journal of Workplace Learning, 16(8), 479–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trinder, L. (2006). A critical appraisal of evidence-based practice. In L. Trinder & S. Reynolds (Eds.), Evidence-based practice – a critical appraisal (pp. 212–241). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verplanken, B., & Wood, W. (2006). Interventions to break and create consumer habits. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 25, 90–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weick, K. E., & Quinn, R. E. (1999). Organizational development. Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 361–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wertsch, J. V. (1998). Mind as action. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Per Nilsen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Nilsen, P., Ellström, PE. (2012). Fostering Practice-Based Innovation Through Reflection at Work. In: Melkas, H., Harmaakorpi, V. (eds) Practice-Based Innovation: Insights, Applications and Policy Implications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21723-4_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics