Skip to main content

Ocular Proton Therapy Centers

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering ((BIOMEDICAL,volume 320))

Abstract

This chapter describes a review of proton therapy (PT) centers and the techniques used for the treatment of ocular lesions. The role of ion beam therapy (IBT) for eye treatments, principally choroidal melanomas, has become well established among the competing treatment modalities. More national centers now offer PT for these lesions, but not necessarily in a hospital environment. Significant improvements in eye treatment planning, patient positioning, and QA dosimetry have been realized, to the benefit of treatment efficiency and accuracy of dose delivery.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. A. Kacperek, Ophthalmological Proton Facilities, in Ion Beams in Tumor Therapy, ed. by U. Linz. (Chapman & Hall, London, 1995), pp. 360–370

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. Jermann, Particles Newsletter of the Particle Therapy Co-Operative Group (PTCOG). Available at http://ptcog.web.psi.ch/. Accessed 5 Sep 2011

  3. J. Castro, D. Char, P. Petti, et al, 15 years experience with helium ion radiotherapy for uveal melanoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 39, 989–996 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. H. Koyama-Ito, T. Kanai, S. Minohara, et al., Carbon ion therapy for ocular melanoma: planning orthogonal two-port treatment. Phys. Med. Biol. 52, 5341–5352 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. E.S. Gragoudas, M. Goitein, A.M. Koehler, et al., Proton irradiation of small choroidal malignant melanomas. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 83, 655–673 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  6. M. Goitein, T. Miller, Planning proton therapy of the eye. Med. Phys. 10, 275–283 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. K.K. Mishra, J.M. Quivey, I.K. Daftari, D.H. Char, Uveal Melanoma, in Leibel and Phillips Textbook of Radiation Oncology, ed. by R. Hoppe, T. Phillips, M. Roach. 3rd edn. (Saunders, Philadelphia, 2010), pp. 1400–1421

    Google Scholar 

  8. B. Damato, A. Kacperek, M. Chopra, et al., Proton beam radiotherapy of iris melanoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 63, 109–115 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. H. Wuestemeyer, W. Sauerwein, D. Meller, et al., Proton radiotherapy as an alternative to exenteration in the management of extended conjunctival melanoma. Graefe’s Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 244, 438–446 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Zytkovicz, I. Daftari, T.L. Philips, et al., Peripheral dose in ocular treatments with CyberKnife and gamma knife radiosurgery compared to proton radiotherapy. Phys. Med. Biol. 52, 5957–5971 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. D. Weber, J. Bogner, J. Verwey, et al., Proton beam radiotherapy versus fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for uveal melanomas: a comparative study. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 63, 373–384 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. E.S. Gragoudas, Proton beam irradiation of uveal melanomas: the first 30 years. The Weisenfeld Lecture. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 47, 4666–4673 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. R. Dendale, L. Lumbroso-Le Rouic, G. Noel, et al., Proton beam radiotherapy for uveal melanoma: results of Curie Institut-Orsay proton therapy center (ICPO). Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 65, 780–787 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. J.E. Munzenrider, Proton therapy for uveal melanomas and other eye lesions. Strahlenther Onkol. 175, S68–S73 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. E. Egger, L. Zografos, A. Schalenbourg, et al., Eye retention after proton beam radiotherapy for uveal melanoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 55, 867–880 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. B. Damato, A. Kacperek, M. Chopra, et al., Proton beam radiotherapy of choroidal melanoma: the Liverpool-Clatterbridge experience. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 62, 1405–1411 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. A.J.E. Foss, I. Whelehan, J.L. Hungerford, et al., Predictive factors for the development of rubeosis following proton beam radiotherapy for uveal melanoma. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 81, 748–754 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Flanz, A. Smith, Technology for proton therapy. Cancer J. 15, 292–297 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  19. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. Clinical Proton Dosimetry Part I: Beam Production, Beam Delivery and Measurement of Absorbed Dose. ICRU Report 59 (Bethesda, MD USA, 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  20. B. Andreo, D.T. Burns, K. Hohlfeld, et al., IAEA TRS-398 Absorbed Dose Determination in External Beam Radiotherapy: An International Code of Practice for Dosimetry Based on Standards of Absorbed Dose to Water (IAEA, Vienna, 2000), pp. 35–50

    Google Scholar 

  21. M. Goitein, R. Gentry, A.M. Koehler, Energy of proton accelerator necessary for treatment of choroidal melanomas. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 9, 259–260 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  22. B. Gottschalk, Proton Nozzle Design Program NEU. Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory, Internal Report, HCL 3/32/90 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  23. A.M. Koehler, R.J. Schneider, J.M. Sisterson, Range modulators for protons and heavy ions. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. 131, 437–440 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. D.E. Bonnett, A. Kacperek, M.A. Sheen, et al., The 62 MeV proton beam for the treatment of ocular melanoma at Clatterbridge. Br. J. Radiol. 66, 907–914 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. P. van Luijk, A.A. van t’ Veld, H.D. Zelle, et al., Collimator scatter and 2D dosimetry in small proton beams. Phys. Med. Biol. 46, 653–670 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  26. A. Kacperek, Protontherapy of eye tumours in the UK: A review of treatment at Clatterbridge. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 67, 378–386 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Altomed Limited, Boldon, UK, Ta fiduciary markers (CE marked), http://www.altomed.com/contacts/index.html

  28. J. Heufelder, R. Stark, A. Weber, Influence of tantalum marker clips used in eye tumour therapy on the dose distribution of a 68 MeV proton beam. Biomed. Technik. 50(Suppl 1), 344–345 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  29. I.K. Daftari, T. Essert, T.L. Phillips, Application of flat panel digital imaging for improvement of ocular melanoma patient set-up in proton beam therapy. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 598, 628–634 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. J. Bogner, B. Petersch, D. Georg, et al., A non-invasive eye fixation and computer-aided eye monitoring system for linear accelerator–based stereotactic radiotherapy of uveal melanoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 56, 1128–1136 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. S. Agosteo, C. Birattari, M. Caravaggio, et al., Secondary neutron and photon dose in proton therapy. Radiother. Oncol. 48, 293–305 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. F. Trompier, S. Delacroix, I. Vabre, et al., Secondary exposure for 73 and 200 MeV proton therapy. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 125, 349–354 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. A. Cesana, E. Mauro, M. Silari, Induced radioactivity in a patient-specific collimator used in proton therapy. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 268, 2272–2280 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. A. Kacperek, Dose verification by activation in vivo following proton beam eye radiotherapy. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 271, 731–740 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. E.S. Gragoudas, M. Goitein, A.M. Koehler, et al., Proton irradiation of small choroidal malignant melanomas. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 83, 655–673 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  36. E.S. Gragoudas, A.M. Lane, S. Regan, et al., A randomized controlled trial of varying radiation doses in the treatment of choroidal melanoma. Arch. Ophthalmol. 118, 773–778 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  37. G. Wollensak, L. Zografos, C. Perret, et al., Experimental study on the fractionation schedule for proton irradiation of uveal melanoma. Graef. Arch. Clin. Exp. 228, 562–568 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. H. Paganetti, M. Goitein, Radiobiological significance of beamline dependent proton energy distributions in a spread-out Bragg peak. Med. Phys. 27, 1119–1126 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. H. Paganetti, Calculation of the spatial variation of relative biological effectiveness in a therapeutic proton field for eye treatment. Phys. Med. Biol. 43, 2147–2157 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. C. Perret, R. Greiner, L. Zografos, C. Gailloud, Die Behandlung intraokularer Melanome mit Protonen am Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). Juli 1988. ID PSI/2000

    Google Scholar 

  41. E. Egger, A. Schalenbourg, L. Zografos, et al., Maximising local tumour control and survival after proton beam radiotherapy of uveal melanoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 51, 138–147 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  42. J. Heufelder, D. Cordini, H. Fuchs, et al., Five years of proton therapy of eye neoplasms at the Hahn-Meitner Institute, Berlin. Z. Med. Phys. 14, 64–71 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  43. I.K. Daftari, K.K. Mishra, J.M. O’Brien, et al., Fundus image fusion in EYEPLAN software: an evaluation of a novel technique for ocular melanoma radiation treatment planning. Med. Phys. 37, 5199–5207 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. B. Dobler, R. Bendl, Precise modelling of the eye for proton therapy of intra-ocular tumours Phys. Med. Biol. 47, 593–613 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. C. Rethfeldt, H. Fuchs, K.U. Gardey, Dose distributions of a proton beam for eye tumor therapy: hybrid pencil-beam ray-tracing calculations. Med. Phys. 33, 782–791 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. J. Herault, N. Iborra, B. Serrano, et al., Spread-out Bragg peak and monitor units calculation with the Monte Carlo Code MCNPX. Med. Phys. 34, 680–688 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. H.M. Kooy, M. Schaefer, S. Rosenthal, et al., Monitor unit calculations for range-modulated spread-out Bragg peak fields. Phys. Med. Biol. 48, 2797–2808 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. H. Palmans, R. Thomas, M. Simon, et al., A small-body portable graphite calorimeter for dosimetry in low-energy clinical proton beams. Phys. Med. Biol. 49, 3737–3749 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. S. Vynckier, D.E. Bonnett, D.T.L. Jones, Code of practice for clinical proton dosimetry (ECHED). Radiother. Oncol. 20, 53–63 (1991); Suppl. Radiother. Oncol. 32, 174–179 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  50. N. Koch, W. Newhauser, Virtual commissioning of a treatment planning system for proton therapy of ocular cancers. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 115, 159–163 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. C. Baker, D. Shipley, H. Palmans, et al., Monte carlo modelling of a clinical proton beam-line for the treatment of ocular tumours. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 562, 1005–1008 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. J. Heufelder, S. Stiefel, M. Pfaender, et al., Use of BANG polymer gel for dose measurements in a 68 MeV proton beam. Med. Phys. 30, 1235–1240 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. L. Czopyk, G.A.P. Cirrone, G. Cuttone, et al., 2D dosimetry of a proton radiotherapy beam using large-area LiF: Mg, Cu, P TL detectors. Radiat. Meas. 43, 977–980 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  54. S. Al-Nowais, S. Doran, A. Kacperek, et al., A preliminary analysis of LET effects in the dosimetry of proton beams using PRESAGETM and optical CT. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 67, 415–418 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. A.B. Rosenfeld, D. Cutajar, M.L. Lerch, et al., Miniature semiconductor detectors for in vivo dosimetry. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 120, 48–55 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. D.H. Char, R. Bove, T.L. Phillips, Laser and proton radiation to reduce uveal melanoma-associated exudative retinal detachments. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 136, 180–182 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. H.J. Zambarakji, A.M. Lane, E. Ezra, et al., Proton beam irradiation for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology 113, 2012–2019 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

I am indebted to my colleagues from the following proton eye therapy centers: Jorn Verwey (PSI, Villigen), Sabine Delacroix (CPO, Paris), Ewan Blackmore (TRIUMF, Vancouver), Jens Heufelder (HZB-Charité, Berlin), Jan Swakon (IFJ, Kraków), Joel Hérault (CAL, Nice), Pablo Cirrone (INFN-LNS, Catania), Inder Daftari (UCSF, San Francisco), and Hanne Kooy (MGH, Boston).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andrzej Kacperek .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kacperek, A. (2012). Ocular Proton Therapy Centers. In: Linz, U. (eds) Ion Beam Therapy. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, vol 320. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21414-1_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21414-1_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-21413-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-21414-1

  • eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics