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Antitumor Ribonucleases

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Ribonucleases

Part of the book series: Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology ((NUCLEIC))

Abstract

Ribonucleases are small basic proteins that have shown remarkable antitumor activity linked to their ability to destroy RNA. Therefore, they are a second line of cancer chemotherapeutics as they are not genotoxic. This chapter summarizes the main biochemical characteristics of these enzymes and the key factors responsible for their cytotoxic mechanism. Some of them are shared by most cytotoxins, but each RNase has particular cancer cell killing abilities. The effects on the cell cycle and the induced apoptosis mechanism are cell dependent. The knowledge obtained from the cytotoxic mechanism of natural cytotoxic RNases has been used to artificially engineer more potent and selective RNA-degrading enzymes. These approaches are also described. The chapter ends with a brief description of the results of the clinical trials performed with RNases.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by grants BFU2009-06935 from MICINN (Spain) and GRCT04 from the University of Girona.

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  1. Laboratori d’Enginyeria de Proteïnes, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17071, Girona, Spain

    Marc Ribó, Antoni Benito & Maria Vilanova

  2. Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Josep Trueta (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain

    Marc Ribó, Antoni Benito & Maria Vilanova

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  1. Marc Ribó
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  2. Antoni Benito
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  3. Maria Vilanova
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Correspondence to Marc Ribó , Antoni Benito or Maria Vilanova .

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  1. Temple University, 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA

    Allen W. Nicholson

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Ribó, M., Benito, A., Vilanova, M. (2011). Antitumor Ribonucleases. In: Nicholson, A. (eds) Ribonucleases. Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21078-5_3

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