Abstract
The occlusion of a coronary artery results in myocardial ischemia, significantly disturbing the heart’s normal electrical behavior, with potentially lethal consequences, such as sustained arrhythmias. Biologists attempt to shed light on underlying mechanisms with optical voltage mapping, a widely used technique for non-contact visualization of surface electrical activity. However, this method suffers from signal distortion due to fluorescent photon scattering within the biological tissue. The distortion effect may be more pronounced during ischemia, when a gradient of electrophysiological properties exists at the surface of the heart due to diffusion with the surrounding environment. In this paper, a combined experimental and computer simulation investigation into how photon scattering, in the presence of ischemia-induced spatial heterogeneities, distorts optical mapping recordings is performed. Dual excitation wavelength optical mapping experiments are conducted in rabbit hearts. In order to interpret experimental results a computer simulation study is performed using a 3D model of ischemic rabbit cardiac tissue combined with a model of photon diffusion to simulate optical mapping recordings. Results show that the presence of a border zone, in combination with fluorescent photon scattering, distorts the optical signal. Furthermore, changes in the illumination wavelength can alter the relative contribution of the border zone to the emitted signal. The techniques developed in this study may help with interpretation of optical mapping data in electrophysiological investigations of myocardial ischemia.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Papadakis, M., Sharma, S., Sheppard, M., Panoulas, V., Behr, E.: The magnitude of sudden cardiac death in the young: a death certificate-based review in England and Wales. Europace 11, 1353–1358 (2009)
Carmeliet, E.: Cardiac ionic currents and acute ischemia: from channels to arrhythmias. Physiol. Rev. 79, 917–987 (1999)
Fiolet, J., Baartscheer, A., Schumacher, C., Terwelle, H., Krieger, W.: Transmural inhomogeneity of energy metabolism during acute global ischemia in the isolated rat heart: dependence on environmental conditions. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 17, 87–92 (1985)
Schaapherder, A., Schumacher, A., Coronel, R., Fiolet, J.: Transmural inhomogeneity of extracellular [K+] and pH and myocardial energy metabolism in the isolated rat heart during acute global ischemia; dependence on gaseous environment. Basic Res. Cardiol. 85, 33–44 (1990)
Rodriguez, B., Trayanova, N., Noble, D.: Modeling cardiac ischemia. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1080, 395–414 (2006)
Tice, B., Rodriguez, B., Eason, J., Trayanova, N.: Mechanistic investigation into the arrhythmogenic role of transmural heterogeneities in regional ischemia phase 1A. Europace 9, 47–58 (2007)
Walton, R., Benoist, D., Hyatt, C., Gilbert, S., White, E., Bernus, O.: Dual excitation wavelength epifluorescence imaging of transmural electrophysiological properties in intact hearts. Heart Rhythm 7, 1843–1849 (2010)
Bishop, M., Rodriguez, B., Eason, J., Whiteley, J., Trayanova, N., Gavaghan, D.: Synthesis of voltage-sensitive optical signals: application to panoramic optical mapping. Biophys. J. 90, 2938–2945 (2006)
Hyatt, C., Mironov, S., Wellner, M., Berenfeld, O., Popp, A., Weitz, D., Jalife, J., Pertsov, A.: Synthesis of voltage-sensitive fluorescence signals from three-dimensional myocardial activation patterns. Biophys. J. 85, 2673–2683 (2003)
Mahajan, A., Shiferaw, Y., Sato, D., Baher, A., Olcese, R., Xie, L., Yang, M., Chen, P., Restrepo, J., Karma, A., Garfinkel, A., Qu, Z., Weiss, J.: A rabbit ventricular action potential model replicating cardiac dynamics at rapid heart rates. Biophys. J. 94, 392–410 (2008)
Michailova, A., Suacerman, J., Belik, M., McCulloch, A.: Modeling regulation of cardiac KATP and L-type Ca2+ currents by ATP, ADP, and Mg2+. Biophys. J. 88, 2234–2249 (2005)
Pitt-Francis, J., Pathmanathan, P., Bernabeu, M., Bordas, R., Cooper, J., Fletcher, A., Mirams, G., Murray, P., Osborne, J., Walter, A., Chapman, S., Garny, A., van Leeuwen, I., Maini, P., Rodriguez, B., Waters, S., Whiteley, J., Byrne, H., Gavaghan, D.: Chaste: A test-driven approach to software development for biological modelling. Comput. Phys. Commun. 180, 2452–2471 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Dutta, S. et al. (2011). Interpreting Optical Mapping Recordings in the Ischemic Heart: A Combined Experimental and Computational Investigation. In: Metaxas, D.N., Axel, L. (eds) Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart. FIMH 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6666. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21028-0_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21028-0_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-21027-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-21028-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)