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Verhaltensbiologie pp 518–613Cite as

Sozialsysteme

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Zusammenfassung

Analysen von Sozialsystemen beschäftigen sich mit unterschiedlichen Gesellschaftsformen (societies), die als Menge von Individuen, die regelmäßig miteinander interagieren und dies häufiger miteinander tun als mit Mitgliedern anderer Gesellschaften, definiert werden können. Die zunächst unüberschaubare Vielfalt der Sozialsysteme kann aus heuristischen Gründen in drei Bestandteile zerlegt werden (Abb. 12.1). Dabei charakterisiert die soziale Organisation (→ Kapitel 12.1), wie Individuen in Raum und Zeit verteilt sind, welche Alters- und Geschlechterzusammensetzung soziale Einheiten haben und welche genetische Struktur diese besitzen. Die soziale Struktur (→ Kapitel 12.3) beschreibt das Muster sozialer Interaktionen und der daraus resultierenden Beziehungen der Mitglieder einer Gesellschaft. Davon getrennt wird das Paarungssystem (→ Kapitel 12.2) betrachtet, um zu analysieren, wer sich mit wem wie häufig verpaart. Wenn diese Beschreibungen durch genetische Vaterschaftsanalysen ergänzt werden, lässt sich auch das Fortpflanzungssystem bestimmen, also wer sich tatsächlich fortgepflanzt hat.

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  1. Abt. Verhaltensökologie & Soziobiologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum (DPZ), Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Deutschland

    Peter M. Kappeler

  2. Abt. Soziobiologie/Anthropologie, Universität Göttingen, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Deutschland

    Peter M. Kappeler

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Kappeler, P. (2012). Sozialsysteme. In: Verhaltensbiologie. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20653-5_12

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