Abstract
The IAG Reference Frame Sub-Commission for Europe (EUREF) created the European Terrestrial Reference System 89 (ETRS89) and fixed it to the Eurasian plate in order to avoid time evolution of the coordinates due to plate motions. However, the Fennoscandian area in Northern Europe is affected by postglacial rebound (PGR), causing intraplate deformations with respect to the stable part of the Eurasian tectonic plate.
The Nordic countries created their national ETRS89 realizations in the 1990s and have adopted them as the basis for geospatial data. As the most accurate GNSS processing is done in ITRS realizations, an accurate connection to national ETRS89 realizations is required. If the official EUREF transformation is used, residuals are up to 10 cm in the Nordic countries. Therefore, the Nordic Geodetic Commission (NKG) has created a 3-D intraplate velocity model NKG_RF03vel over Fennoscandia and a new transformation procedure to correct for the deformations caused by PGR.
This paper evaluates the NKG approach and compares it to the current recommendation given by EUREF with a 100-point ETRS89 realization in Finland. The results show that, by using a high-quality intraplate velocity model, the transformation residuals are reduced to the cm-level.
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Häkli, P., Koivula, H. (2012). Transforming ITRF Coordinates to National ETRS89 Realization in the Presence of Postglacial Rebound: An Evaluation of the Nordic Geodynamical Model in Finland. In: Kenyon, S., Pacino, M., Marti, U. (eds) Geodesy for Planet Earth. International Association of Geodesy Symposia, vol 136. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20338-1_10
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