Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Advances in Transport Phenomena 2010 pp 1–91Cite as

Optimization Principles for Heat Convection

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Advances in Transport Phenomena ((ADVTRANS,volume 2))

Abstract

Human being faces two key problems: world-wide energy shortage and global climate worming. To reduce energy consumption and carbon emission, it needs to develop high efficiency heat transfer devices. In view of the fact that the existing enhanced technologies are mostly developed according to the experiences on the one hand, and the heat transfer enhancement is normally accompanied by large additional pumping power induced by flow resistances on the other hand, in this chapter, the field synergy principle for convective heat transfer optimization is presented based on the revisit of physical mechanism of convective heat transfer. This principle indicates that the improvement of the synergy of velocity and temperature gradient fields will raise the convective heat transfer rate under the same other conditions. To describe the degree of the synergy between velocity and temperature gradient fields a non-dimensional parameter, named as synergy number, is defined, which represents the thermal performance of convective heat transfer. In order to explore the physical essence of the field synergy principle a new quantity of entransy is introduced, which describes the heat transfer ability of a body and dissipates during hear transfer. Since the entransy dissipation is the measure of the irreversibility of heat transfer process for the purpose of object heating the extremum entransy dissipation (EED) principle for heat transfer optimization is proposed, which states: for the prescribed heat flux boundary conditions, the least entransy dissipation rate in the domain leads to the minimum boundary temperature difference, or the largest entransy dissipation rate leads to the maximum heat flux with a prescribed boundary temperature difference. For volume-to-point problem optimization, the results indicate that the optimal distribution of thermal conductivity according to the EED principle leads to the lowest average domain temperature, which is lower than that with the minimum entropy generation (MEG) as the optimization criterion. This indicates that the EED principle is more preferable than the MEG principle for heat conduction optimization with the purpose of the domain temperature reduction. For convective heat transfer optimization, the field synergy equations for both laminar and turbulent convective heat transfer are derived by variational analysis for a given viscous dissipation (pumping power). The optimal flow fields for several tube flows were obtained by solving the field synergy equation. Consequently, some enhanced tubes, such as, alternation elliptical axis tube, discrete double inclined ribs tube, are developed, which may generate a velocity field close to the optimal one. Experimental and numerical studies of heat transfer performances for such enhanced tubes show that they have high heat transfer rate with low increased flow resistance. Finally, both the field synergy principle and the EED principle are extended to be applied for the heat exchanger optimization and mass convection optimization.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Cebeci, T., Bradshaw, P.: Physical and Computational Aspects of Convection Heat Transfer. McGraw-Hill, New York (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Warren, M., Hartnett, J.P., Schneider, P.T., et al.: Handbook of Heat Transfer, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Webb, R.L., Bergles, A.E.: Heat Transfer Enhancement: Second Generation Technology. Mechanical Engineering 115(6), 60–67 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bergles, A.E.: Some Perspectives on Enhanced Heat Transfer Second Generation Heat Transfer Technology. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer 110, 1082–1096 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Withers, J.G.: Tube-Side Heat transfer and Pressure Drop for Tubes Having Helical Internal Ridging with Turbulent/Transitional Flow of Single-Phase Fluid. 1. Single-Helix Ridging. Heat Transfer Eng. 2(1), 48–61 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Withers, J.G.: Tube-Side Heat transfer and Pressure Drop for Tubes Having Helical Internal Ridging with Turbulent/Transitional Flow of Single-Phase Fluid. 2. Multiple-Helix Ridging. Heat Transfer Eng. 2(2), 43–50 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kalinin, E.K., Dreitser, G.A., Yarkho, S.A., Kusminov, V.A.: The Experimental Study of the Heat Transfer Intensification under Conditions of Forced One- and Two-Phase Flow in Channels. In: Bergles, A.E., Webb, R.L. (eds.) Augmentation of Convective Heat and Mass Transfer, ASME, New York (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ravigururajan, T.S., Bergles, A.E.: Optimization of In-Tube Enhancement for Large Evaporators and Condensers. Energ. 21(5), 421–432 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Manglik, R.M., Bergles, A.E.: Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Correlations for Twisted-Tape inserts in Isothermal Tubes: Part II- Transition and Turbulent Flows. Transactions of the ASME 115, 890–896 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Fujita, Y., Lopez, A.M.: Heat-transfer Enhancement of Twisted-tape Inserts in Turbulent Pipe Flows. Heat Transfer - Japanese Research 24(4), 378–396 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kumar, P., Judd, R.L.: Heat Transfer with Coiled Wire Turbulence Promoters. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 48, 378–383 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ravigurrurajan, T.S., Bergles, A.E.: Development and Verification of General Correlations for Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer in Single-Phase Turbulent Flow in Enhanced Tubes. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 13, 55–70 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Guo, Z.Y., Li, D.Y., Wang, B.X.: A novel concept for convective heat transfer enhancement. International Journal of Heat And Mass Transfer 41(14), 2221–2225 (1998)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Guo, Z.Y.: Mechanism and control of convective heat transfer - Coordination of velocity and heat flow fields. Chinese Science Bulletin 46(7), 596–599 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Tao, W.Q., Guo, Z.Y., Wang, B.X.: Field synergy principle for enhancing convective heat transfer-—its extension and numerical verifications. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 45, 3849–3856 (2002)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Meng, J.A., Liang, X.G., Li, Z.X.: Field synergy optimization and enhanced heat transfer by multi-longitudinal vortexes flow in tube. Int. J. Heat and mass Transfer 48, 3331–3337 (2005)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Meng, J.A., Chen, Z.J., Li, Z.X., Guo, Z.Y.: Field-Coordination Analysis and Numerical Study on Turbulent Convective Heat Transfer Enhancement. J. of Enhanced Heat Transfer 12(1), 73–83 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Meng, J.A., Liang, X.G., Chen, Z.J., Li, Z.X.: Experimental study on convective heat transfer in alternating elliptical axis tubes. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 29(4), 457–465 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Meng, J.A., Liang, X.G., Li, Z.X., Guo, Z.Y.: Numerical study on low Reynolds number convection in alternate elliptical axis tube. Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer 11(4), 307–313

    Google Scholar 

  20. Yu, J.C., Li, Z.X., Zhao, T.S.: An analytical study of pulsating laminar heat convection in a circular tube with constant heat flux. Int. J. Heat and mass Transfer 47(24), 5297–5301 (2004)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Wang, S., Guo, Z.Y., Li, Z.X.: Heat transfer enhancement by using metallic filament insert in channel flow. Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer 44, 1373–1378 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Guo, Z.Y., Tao, W.Q., Shah, R.K.: The field synergy (coordination) principle and its applications in enhanceing single phase convective heat transfer. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 48(9), 1797–1807 (2005)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Chen, W.L., Guo, Z.Y., Chen, C.K.: A numerical study on the flow over a novel tube for heat-transfer enhancement with a linear Eddy-viscosity model. International Journal of Heat And Mass Transfer 47(14-16), 3431–3439 (2004)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Yang, L.J., Ren, J.X., Song, Y.Z., Min, J.C., Guo, Z.Y.: Convection heat transfer enhancement of air in a rectangular duct by application of a magnetic quadrupole field. International Journal of Engineering Science 42(5-6), 491–507 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Tao, W.Q., He, Y.L., Wang, Q.W., Qu, Z.G., Song, F.Q.: A unified analysis on enhancing single phase convective heat transfer with field synergy principle. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 45, 4871–4879 (2002)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Zeng, M., Tao, W.Q.: Numerical Verifi cation of the Fıeld Synergy Principle for Turbulent Flow. Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer 11(4), 451–457 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Zhou, J.J., Tao, W.Q.: Numerical simulation and field synergy analysis of heat transfer performance of radial slit fin surface. Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics 6(7), 419–427 (2006)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Guo, Z.Y., Zhu, H.Y., Liang, X.G.: Entransy—A physical quantity describing heat transfer ability. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 50, 2545–2556 (2007)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Cheng, X.G.: Entransy and its application in heat transfer optimization, Ph.D. thesis, Tsinghua University, Beijing (2004) (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Xia, Z.Z., Cheng, X.G., Li, Z.X., Guo, Z.Y.: Bionic optimization of heat transport paths for heat conduction problems. Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer 11(2), 119–131 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Cheng, X.G., Li, Z.X., Guo, Z.Y.: Constructs of the highly effective heat transport paths by bionic optimization. Sciences in China (Series E) (3), 296–302 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Chen, Q., Ren, J.X., Meng, J.A.: Field synergy equation for turbulent heat transfer and its application. Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 50(25-26), 5334–5339 (2007)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  33. Zhao, T.S., Song, Y.J.: Forced convection in a porous medium heated by a permeable wall perpendicular to flow direction: analyses and measurements. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 44, 1031–1037 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Onsager, L.: Reciprocal relations in irreversible processes. II. Phys. Rev. 38(12), 2265–2279 (1931)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Onsager, L., Machlup, S.: Fluctuations and irreversible processes. Phys. Rev. 91(6), 1505–1512 (1953)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  36. Prigogine: Introduction to Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes, 3rd edn., pp. 76–77. Wiley, New York (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Bejan, A.: Entropy Generation through Heat and Fluid Flow, pp. 118–134. Wiley, New York (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Bejan, A.: Entropy Generation Minimization, pp. 47–112. CRC Press, Florida (1996)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  39. Bejan, A.: Constructal-theory network of conducting paths for cooling a heat generation volume. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 40(4), 799–808 (1997)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  40. Bejan, A.: Shape and Structure, from Engineering to Nature, pp. 52–81. Cambridge University Press, New York (2000)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  41. Guo, Z.Y., Cheng, X.G., Xia, Z.Z.: Least dissipation principle of heat transport potential capacity and its application in heat conduction optimization. Chin. Sci. Bull. 48(4), 406–410 (2003) (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Biot, M.A.: Variational principle in irreversible thermodynamics with applications to viscoelasticity. Phys. Rev. 97(6), 1463–1469 (1955)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  43. Cheng, X.G., Li, Z.X., Guo, Z.Y.: Variational principles in heat conduction. J. Eng. Thermophys. 25(3), 457–459 (2004) (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Finlayson, B.A., Scriven, L.E.: On the search for variational principles. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 10, 799–821 (1967)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  45. Finlayson, B.A.: The Method of Weighted Residuals and Variational Principles, with Application in Fluid Mechanics. Heat and Mass Transfer, 347 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Xia, Z.Z.: Augmentation and optimization on heat conduction and convection processes, Ph.D. dissertation, Tsinghua University (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Meng, J.A.: Enhanced heat transfer technology of longitudinal vortices based on field coordination principle and its application, Ph.D. dissertation, Tsinghua University (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Qian, W.C.: The variational principle and general variational principle of viscous fluid mechanics. Appl. Math. Mech. 5(3), 305–322 (1984)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  49. Meng, J.A., Guo, Z.Y.: Optimization for laminar convection heat transfer. In: 4th Kyoto-Seoul-Tsinghua University Thermal Engineering Conference, Kyoto, Japan (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Chen, Q.: Irreversibility and Optimization of Convective Transport Processes, Ph.D. dissertation, Tsinghua University (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Chen, Q., Ren, J.X., Meng, J.A.: Field synergy equation for turbulent heat transfer and its application. Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 50(25-26), 5334–5339 (2007)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  52. Fuji, K., Itoh, N., Innami, T., et al.: Heat transfer pipe. U.S. Patent, 4044797, assigned to Hitachi Ltd. (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Webb, R.L.: Principles of enhanced heat transfer. Jone Wiley Sons, New York (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  54. Al-Fahed, S.F., Ayub, Z.H., Al-Marafie, A.M., et al.: Heat transfer and pressure drop in a tube with internal microfins under turbulent water flow condition. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 7(3), 249–253 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Wang, C.C., Chiou, C.B., Lu, D.C.: Single-phase heat transfer and flow friction correlations for micro-fin tubes. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 17, 500–508 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Al-Fahed, S., Chamra, L.M., Chakroun, W.: Pressure drop and heat transfer comparison for both microfin tube and twisted-tape inserts in laminar flow. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 18, 323–333 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Li, X.W.: Numerical and experimental study of the heat transfer enhancement in turbulent channel flow. Ph.D. dissertation, Tsinghua University (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Li, X.W., Meng, J.A., Li, Z.X.: Enhancement mechanisms for single-phase turbulent heat transfer in micro-fin tubes. J. Enhanced Heat Transfer 15(3), 1–16 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Li, X.W., Meng, J.A.: Single-phase heat transfer characteristics of a micro-fin tube. In: Sixth International Conference on Enhanced, Compact and Ultra-Compact Heat Exchangers: Science, Engineering and Technology, Potsdam, Germany (September 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  60. Li, X.W., Meng, J.A., Li, Z.X.: Experimental study of single-phase pressure drop and heat transfer in a micro-fin tube. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 32(2), 641–648 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Meng, J. A.: Alternating elliptical axis heat transfer tube, Inventive patent of China, No. 00136122.8 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  62. Meng, J.A., et al.: Heat transfer enhancement DDIR-tube, Inventive patent of China, no.: 03138077.8 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  63. Guo, Z.Y., Wei, S., Cheng, X.G.: A novel method to improve the performance of heat exchanger - Temperature fields coordination of fluids. Chinese Science Bulletin 49(1), 111–114 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  64. Li, Z.X., Guo, Z.Y.: Field synergy principle for convective heat transfer optimization. Science Press, Beijing (2010) (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  65. Zhou, S.Q.: Uniformity principle of temperature difference field in heat exchanger and its application, Ph.D. dissertation, Tsinghua University (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  66. Guo, Z.Y., Zhou, S.Q., Li, Z.X., Chen, L.G.: Theoretical analysis and experimental confirmation of the uniformity principle of temperature difference field in heat exchanger. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 45(10), 2119–2127 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Guo, Z.Y., Li, Z.X., Zhou, S.Q., Xiong, D.X.: Principle of uniformity of temperature difference field in exchanger. Science in China(Series E) 39(1), 68–75 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  68. Chen, Q., Ren, J.X., Guo, Z.Y.: Field synergy analysis and optimization of decontamination ventilation designs. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 51, 873–881 (2008)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  69. Batchelor, G.K.: An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, Cambridge, p. 227 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Zhi-Xin Li

  2. Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Zeng-Yuan Guo

Authors
  1. Zhi-Xin Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zeng-Yuan Guo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong

    Liqiu Wang

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Li, ZX., Guo, ZY. (2011). Optimization Principles for Heat Convection. In: Wang, L. (eds) Advances in Transport Phenomena 2010. Advances in Transport Phenomena, vol 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19466-5_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19466-5_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-19465-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-19466-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation